Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Foundation Retina Institute; 27 Isaac John Street, Ikeja, Lagos; Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Foundation Hospital, Apo, Abuja, Nigeria.
Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Foundation Retina Institute; 27 Isaac John Street, Ikeja, Lagos, Nigeria.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2022 Mar;25(3):267-272. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_1312_21.
Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) has been used for imaging retinitis pigmentosa (RP) eyes and provides useful information on microstructural changes.
To review SD-OCT findings and correlate the central foveal thickness (CFT), outer nuclear layer (ONL), external limiting membrane (ELM), and ellipsoid zone (EZ) with visual function in nonsyndromic RP eyes.
A multicenter, retrospective review of records from consecutive eyes diagnosed to have RP. Biodata, systemic disease, visual acuity, lens status, intraocular pressure, and SD-OCT images were examined. The CFT was categorized into normal (250-299 microns), atrophic (0-249 microns), and edematous (≥300 microns). The ONL, ELM, and EZ within the subfoveal area was assessed and rated as normal, reduced (if less than normal), or absent (if missing). The status of these biomarkers was correlated with visual acuity and statistical analysis performed using Pearson Chi, P < 0.05. In addition, the vitreomacular interface was examined for the presence of vitreomacular traction (VMT), vitreomacular adhesion (VMA), and epiretinal membrane (ERM).
Fifty-two RP eyes of 27 patients had SD-OCT images that were used for study analysis. There were 17 males and 10 females; 52% of participants were between 31 and 50 years (age range: 22-77 years). An atrophic retina was the most common finding in 42 eyes (81%); the average CFT in the atrophic group was 175 microns (range: 111-245 microns). There were three eyes with cystoid macular edema, and seven eyes were normal. For the OCT biomarkers, a reduction in ONL and ELM occurred in 69% and 46% of eyes, respectively, while an absence was the most common EZ finding (in 50% of eyes). There was a significant correlation between the presence or absence of the three biomarkers and presenting vision: ONL, ELM, and EZ with P values of 0.000, 0.006, and 0.011, respectively. The CFT had no significant correlation with vision; P = 0.522. Other findings on OCT include ERM 17%, VMA 6%, and VMT 2%.
This report supports the notion that OCT image reporting on physical retinal structure in RP eyes can be used to predict disease effects on vision. A prospective study to better quantify the degree of structural change and correlate with the degree of functional loss is required for RP gene types in Nigerians and black Africans.
谱域光相干断层扫描（SD-OCT）已用于视网膜炎（RP）眼的成像，并提供了关于微观结构变化的有用信息。
回顾 SD-OCT 结果，并将中心凹视网膜厚度（CFT）、外核层（ONL）、外界膜（ELM）和椭圆体带（EZ）与非综合征性 RP 眼的视觉功能相关联。
对连续确诊为 RP 的患者的记录进行了多中心、回顾性审查。检查了生物数据、系统疾病、视力、晶状体状态、眼内压和 SD-OCT 图像。CFT 分为正常（250-299 微米）、萎缩（0-249 微米）和水肿（≥300 微米）。评估了亚中心凹区的 ONL、ELM 和 EZ，并评定为正常、减少（如果低于正常）或缺失（如果缺失）。使用 Pearson Chi 进行统计学分析，以比较这些生物标志物的状态与视力，并进行相关性分析，P<0.05。此外，还检查了玻璃体黄斑界面是否存在玻璃体黄斑牵引（VMT）、玻璃体黄斑粘连（VMA）和视网膜内膜（ERM）。
共有 27 名患者的 52 只 RP 眼进行了 SD-OCT 图像检查，用于研究分析。有 17 名男性和 10 名女性；52%的参与者年龄在 31-50 岁（年龄范围：22-77 岁）。最常见的发现是萎缩性视网膜，占 42 只眼（81%）；萎缩组的平均 CFT 为 175 微米（范围：111-245 微米）。有 3 只眼出现囊样黄斑水肿，7 只眼正常。对于 OCT 生物标志物，69%和 46%的眼的 ONL 和 ELM 减少，而 EZ 的最常见发现是缺失（占 50%的眼）。三种生物标志物的存在或缺失与视力有显著相关性：ONL、ELM 和 EZ 的 P 值分别为 0.000、0.006 和 0.011。CFT 与视力无显著相关性；P=0.522。OCT 的其他发现包括 ERM 17%、VMA 6%和 VMT 2%。
本报告支持这样一种观点，即 RP 眼的 OCT 图像报告可以用于预测视网膜物理结构对视力的影响。需要对尼日利亚和非洲黑人的 RP 基因类型进行前瞻性研究，以更好地量化结构变化的程度，并与功能丧失的程度相关联。
