Department of Dermatology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
Department of Nephrology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium.
Pigment Cell Melanoma Res. 2022 Jul;35(4):392-407. doi: 10.1111/pcmr.13037. Epub 2022 Apr 7.
Melanocytes exhibit a complex and intriguing relationship with the skin immune response, leading to several clinical conditions. In some disorders, inappropriate melanocyte destruction (e.g., vitiligo, halo naevi) is problematic, while in others, immune tolerance should be broken (melanoma). Important parts of the dysregulated pathways have been unraveled in pigment disorders, ranging from upregulated interferon (IFN)-γ signaling to memory T cells, regulatory T cells, and immune checkpoints. Although a network of many factors is involved, targeting key players such as IFN-γ or checkpoint inhibitors (e.g., programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1)] can shift the balance and lead to impressive outcomes. In this review, we focus on the immunological mechanisms of the most common inflammatory disorders where the interaction of the immune system with melanocytes plays a crucial role. This can provide new insights into the current state of melanocyte research.
黑素细胞与皮肤免疫反应之间存在着复杂而有趣的关系，导致了几种临床情况。在某些疾病中，黑素细胞的不当破坏（如白癜风、晕痣）是有问题的，而在另一些疾病中，免疫耐受应该被打破（黑色素瘤）。在色素障碍性疾病中，已经揭示了失调途径的重要部分，范围从上调的干扰素 (IFN)-γ 信号到记忆 T 细胞、调节性 T 细胞和免疫检查点。尽管涉及许多因素的网络，但靶向关键因子，如 IFN-γ 或检查点抑制剂（例如程序性死亡配体 1 (PD-L1)），可以改变平衡并带来显著的结果。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注最常见的炎症性疾病中的免疫机制，其中免疫系统与黑素细胞的相互作用起着至关重要的作用。这可以为黑素细胞研究的现状提供新的见解。
