Highly stable soliton and bound soliton generation from a fiber laser mode-locked by VSe nanosheets.

We demonstrate the highly stable soliton generation from a fiber laser mode-locked by the VSe nanosheets experimentally. The VSe nanosheets prepared via the liquid phase exfoliation method exhibit ultrafast relaxation time and excellent nonlinear optical behavior with saturation intensity and modulation depth of 14.28 MW/cm and 19.11%, respectively. A highly stable mode-locked Er-doped fiber laser with pulse duration of 714 fs and signal-to-noise ratio of 78.44 dB has been delivered successfully based on the VSe nanosheets saturable absorber. In addition, the transition from the conventional soliton to bound-state soliton has been observed experimentally. Our results reveal that VSe nanosheets possess excellent nonlinear optical performance and can act as a robust optical platform for versatile optical applications.