Hanafin Joan, Sunday Salome, Clancy Luke
TobaccoFree Research Institute Ireland, Dublin, Ireland.
Technological University Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
Tob Induc Dis. 2022 Feb 2;20:12. doi: 10.18332/tid/144234. eCollection 2022.
E-cigarette ever use has risen significantly in recent years in Ireland, similar to trends elsewhere in Europe, the United States, and Asia-Pacific region. Results from ESPAD Ireland (European School Survey Project on Alcohol and other Drugs) show teenage e-cigarette ever use increased from 18% (2015) to 37% (2019). Given this increase, our aim is to profile e-cigarette ever users and never users in this age group; to examine sociodemographic, personal, peer, and familial factors associated with e-cigarette ever use; and to suggest appropriate measures to reduce use.
A nationally representative stratified random sample of 50 ESPAD schools was surveyed in 2019, with 3495 students aged 15-17 years. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed using Stata version 16.
E-cigarette ever use was significantly associated with ever smoking (AOR=4.15; 95% CI: 1.29-13.41), ever cannabis use (AOR=2.21; 95% CI: 1.11-4.41) and ever inhalants use (AOR=2.51; 95% CI: 1.07-5.88). Children of university-educated mothers had significantly higher odds of e-cigarette ever use (AOR=3.46; 95% CI: 1.40-8.54). Associated with reduced AORs were reading books for enjoyment (AOR=0.32; 95% CI: 0.16-0.64), living in households where smoking was regulated (AOR=0.53; 95% CI: 0.30-0.94), and perceiving moderate risk in trying e-cigarettes once or twice (AOR=0.20; 95% CI: 0.07-0.67).
E-cigarette ever use is part of a pattern of teenage polysubstance use including cigarette smoking, providing some support for the common liability theory. Regulation of smoking in the home, reading for enjoyment, and perceiving risk from e-cigarette use are associated with decreased likelihood of ever use, and higher parental education with increased likelihood. Thus, health education emphasizing the role of parents and risks of e-cigarette use is indicated to reduce the rise in e-cigarette ever use in teenagers.
近年来，爱尔兰电子烟的曾经使用者数量显著增加，这与欧洲其他地区、美国和亚太地区的趋势类似。爱尔兰ESPAD（欧洲酒精和其他药物学校调查项目）的结果显示，青少年电子烟曾经使用者的比例从2015年的18%上升到了2019年的37%。鉴于这一增长趋势，我们的目标是描述该年龄组中电子烟曾经使用者和从未使用者的特征；研究与电子烟曾经使用相关的社会人口学、个人、同伴和家庭因素；并提出适当的减少使用的措施。
2019年，对50所ESPAD学校进行了全国代表性的分层随机抽样调查，共有3495名15至17岁的学生参与。使用Stata 16版本进行双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析。
电子烟曾经使用与曾经吸烟（优势比[AOR]=4.15；95%置信区间[CI]：1.29 - 13.41）、曾经使用大麻（AOR=2.21；95% CI：1.11 - 4.41）和曾经使用吸入剂（AOR=2.51；95% CI：1.07 - 5.88）显著相关。母亲受过大学教育的孩子电子烟曾经使用的几率显著更高（AOR=3.46；95% CI：1.40 - 8.54）。与较低优势比相关的因素包括为了消遣而读书（AOR=0.32；95% CI：0.16 - 0.64）、生活在吸烟受到限制的家庭（AOR=0.53；95% CI：0.30 - 0.94）以及认为尝试一两次电子烟有中度风险（AOR=0.20；95% CI：0.07 - 0.67）。
电子烟曾经使用是青少年多种物质使用模式的一部分，包括吸烟，这为共同易感性理论提供了一些支持。家庭吸烟限制、为了消遣而读书以及认识到电子烟使用的风险与曾经使用的可能性降低相关，而父母受教育程度较高则与曾经使用的可能性增加相关。因此，为了减少青少年电子烟曾经使用的增长，需要开展强调父母作用和电子烟使用风险的健康教育。
