Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Jul 1;828:154535. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154535. Epub 2022 Mar 15.
Coastal wetland degradation and fragmentation contribute to habitat and biodiversity loss. We construct wetland ecological risk assessment framework to evaluate the risk posed to 35 coastal wetland national nature reserves (NNRs) in China for the years 2000 and 2020. Our wetland ecological risk index (WRI) is based on an external hazard sub-index (EHI) and an internal vulnerability sub-index. Most NNRs have low EHI values in both 2000 and 2020. Ratios of change in EHI range from -22.76% to 52.15% (a negative value indicates a decrease, a positive value an increase), and the EHI for 20 of 35 NNRs (57.1%) decreases over time. Variation in the internal vulnerability index ranges -44.78% to 88.97%, and increases at 18 NNRs (51.4%) over time. WRI variation ranges between -48.13% and 82.91%, and increases at 19 NNRs (54.3%). Most NNRs are ranked as being at low, medium risk in both 2000 and 2020. Notably, the number of high-risk NNRs increases from 3 to 10 (for which WRI values also increase). Expansion of built-up land, cropland occupation (in 2020), road disturbance, and water quality are all significantly associated WRI. Intensified management of the 10 NNRs ranked at high risk is necessary to prevent further deterioration.
滨海湿地退化和破碎化导致了生境和生物多样性的丧失。我们构建了湿地生态风险评估框架，以评估 2000 年和 2020 年中国 35 个滨海湿地国家级自然保护区面临的风险。我们的湿地生态风险指数（WRI）基于外部危害子指数（EHI）和内部脆弱性子指数。在 2000 年和 2020 年，大多数自然保护区的 EHI 值都较低。EHI 的变化率在-22.76%至 52.15%之间（负值表示减少，正值表示增加），35 个自然保护区中有 20 个（57.1%）的 EHI 随时间呈下降趋势。内部脆弱性指数的变化范围在-44.78%至 88.97%之间，18 个自然保护区（51.4%）随时间呈增加趋势。WRI 的变化范围在-48.13%至 82.91%之间，19 个自然保护区（54.3%）呈增加趋势。在 2000 年和 2020 年，大多数自然保护区的风险等级都较低或中等。值得注意的是，高风险自然保护区的数量从 3 个增加到 10 个（WRI 值也随之增加）。建成区、耕地侵占（2020 年）、道路干扰和水质的扩张都与 WRI 显著相关。需要加强对这 10 个被评为高风险的自然保护区的管理，以防止进一步恶化。
