School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing, 102206, China; State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, 210029, China.
Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Xinjiekouwai Street 19, Beijing, 100875, China.
Environ Res. 2022 Aug;211:113085. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113085. Epub 2022 Mar 18.
Variations in vegetation are influenced by regional climate regimes and, in turn, control the water balance behavior in water-limited regions. Owing to its role in ecohydrological processes, vegetation is an essential link in modeling the relationships among climate conditions, vegetation patterns, and dynamic water balance behavior. However, previous ecohydrological models have been empirical and complex, without physically significant parameters. Here, we propose a novel ecohydrological model (a Budyko model-coupled vegetation model) that combines the impacts of climate change and vegetation variations, featuring simple and deterministic parameters. In addition to accounting for the fundamental water balance model and its factors, mean precipitation, potential evapotranspiration, runoff, and variations in water storage (δS), the model showed better performance when incorporating δS (RMSE = 2.72 mm yr) and its parameter ε -, which is mechanically and quantitively subject to the vegetation coverage (R = 0.95, p < 0.01). This was estimated as a function of vegetation potential canopy conductance, mean rainstorm depth, mean time between storms, and potential rate of evapotranspiration in a semi-arid watershed with impulsive precipitation in China (R = 0.80, p < 0.01). The model also found that vegetation growth was mainly controlled by soil water content and decoupled the impact of the total amount of precipitation on vegetation in the northeastern area of the watershed. Hence, our method presents a new tool for building an ecohydrological model that includes deterministic parameters of mechanical significance.
植被的变化受到区域气候模式的影响，反过来又控制着水资源有限地区的水分平衡行为。由于植被在生态水文学过程中的作用，它是建模气候条件、植被模式和动态水分平衡行为之间关系的重要环节。然而，以前的生态水文学模型是经验性的和复杂的，没有物理意义上的重要参数。在这里，我们提出了一种新的生态水文学模型（结合了气候变化和植被变化影响的 Budyko 模型-植被模型），它具有简单和确定性的参数。除了考虑基本的水分平衡模型及其因素，如平均降水量、潜在蒸散量、径流量和储水变化（δS）外，该模型在纳入 δS（RMSE=2.72mm yr）及其参数 ε -时表现出更好的性能，ε -是机械和定量地受到植被覆盖度的影响（R=0.95，p<0.01）。这是根据中国半干旱流域脉冲降水条件下植被潜在冠层导度、平均暴雨深度、暴雨间隔时间和潜在蒸散率的函数来估算的（R=0.80，p<0.01）。该模型还发现，植被生长主要受土壤水分含量控制，并分离了流域东北部地区总降水量对植被的影响。因此，我们的方法为建立包括机械意义上确定性参数的生态水文学模型提供了一种新工具。
