POLTAVA STATE MEDICAL UNIVERSITY, POLTAVA, UKRAINE.
Wiad Lek. 2022;75(2):357-361.
The aim: Estimation of caries prevalence and intensity, determination for treatment necessity of deciduous teeth in 3-6 years old aged children from Poltava region for further effective development of programs for caries and its complications prevention.
Materials and methods: Totally 335 children from 3 to 6 years old of preschool institutions of Poltava and Poltava region aged were examined with the signed accordance of their parents. All children were examined for the prevalence (%) and intensity of caries of deciduous teeth by the Decay Extracted Filling index (DEF index). Quantitative parameters were processed by standard statistic methods. The calculation of the highest caries intensity (Significant Index of Caries) was performed according to the D. Bratthol`s method. The level of dental aid (LDA) was assessed by the DEF index according to P.A. Leus recommendations. Treatment necessity of children was also determined.
Results: The research in caries prevalence of deciduous teeth of revealed that the number of children with caries increases with their age. The most significant parameter growth is observed at the age of 4 to 5 years. Carious lesions intensity increases at the age from 4 to 5 and from 5 to 6 years most significantly.
Conclusions: The most common indicator in all studied groups was a D-parameter, which indicates low parents awareness about deciduous teeth treatment necessity. That case confirms low level of dental aid (14%) and significant treatment need which is 50.7 %. Affection of molars always exceeds the affection of other groups of teeth. We did not find a significant difference in caries distribution among children of different genders. The obtained results encourage realization of sanitary and educational propagation on the awareness of parents on dental healthcare of their children.
评估 3-6 岁波多瓦地区儿童乳牙的患龋率和龋均，以确定其治疗必要性，从而进一步有效制定龋病及其并发症的预防计划。
共检查了波多瓦地区 3 至 6 岁的 335 名幼儿园儿童，均取得了其父母的书面同意。所有儿童均采用龋失补指数（Decay Extracted Filling index，DEF 指数）评估乳牙患龋率（%）和龋均。采用标准统计学方法处理定量参数。根据 D. Bratthol 法计算最大龋均（significant index of caries，SIC）。根据 P.A. Leus 的建议，采用 DEF 指数评估儿童的口腔保健水平（level of dental aid，LDA）。同时还评估了儿童的治疗必要性。
研究发现，乳牙患龋率随年龄增长而增加。4 至 5 岁年龄组的增长最为显著。4 至 5 岁和 5 至 6 岁年龄组的龋损强度增长最为显著。
在所有研究组中，最常见的指标是 D 参数，这表明家长对乳牙治疗必要性的认识较低。这一情况证实了口腔保健水平较低（14%）和显著的治疗需求（50.7%）。磨牙的患病情况总是超过其他组牙齿。我们未发现不同性别儿童的患龋分布存在显著差异。研究结果鼓励开展卫生和教育宣传，提高家长对儿童口腔健康护理的认识。
