口腔保健师使用动机性访谈及其对改变患者行为的有效性的看法。

Dental hygienists' use of motivational interviewing and perceptions of effectiveness in changing patient behaviors.

机构信息

Department of Primary Dental Care, Division of Dental Hygiene, School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.

School of Dentistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.

出版信息

J Dent Educ. 2022 Aug;86(8):909-917. doi: 10.1002/jdd.12919. Epub 2022 Mar 20.

DOI:10.1002/jdd.12919

PMID:35307827

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The University of Minnesota (UMN) Dental Hygiene (DH) program devotes considerable time developing students' competency using motivational interviewing (MI). However, the extent to which graduates use MI in clinical practice and their perceptions of MI effectiveness in changing behavior is unknown.

METHODS

A cross-section of UMN dental hygiene classes from 2010-2019 were emailed an electronic survey using Qualtrics software (n = 208). The survey instrument collected demographic information and queried respondents' current MI use and perceptions of its effectiveness in changing patients' behavior. Survey questions were aligned with the constructs of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB): attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control. Data analyses included descriptive statistics, cross-tabulations, and one-way ANOVA tests.

RESULTS

There were 73 responses for a 35% response rate and 58 surveys (28%) included in data analysis. Respondents (95%) used MI, held positive attitudes toward MI and perceived MI to be an effective behavior counseling method (98%). However, respondents expressed concerns about patients' abilities to change behaviors. The three TPB constructs were found to be predictors of MI use in the clinical environment. A significant association was found between age and the TPB construct: behavioral control (p = 0.02).

CONCLUSION

The majority of respondents reported using MI in clinical practice. According to the TPB, respondents exhibited strong behavioral intentions to use MI. Respondents held favorable attitudes toward MI and believed it to be effective in motivating positive behavior change. Respondents were confident in their MI skills and felt supported to use MI in their work environments.

摘要

背景

明尼苏达大学（UMN）的牙科保健（DH）项目投入了大量时间培养学生使用动机性访谈（MI）的能力。然而，毕业生在临床实践中使用 MI 的程度及其对改变行为的有效性的看法尚不清楚。

方法

使用 Qualtrics 软件向 2010 年至 2019 年期间的明尼苏达大学牙科保健班的学生发送了一份电子调查（n=208）。该调查工具收集了人口统计学信息，并询问了受访者目前使用 MI 的情况及其对 MI 改变患者行为的有效性的看法。调查问题与计划行为理论（TPB）的结构相一致：态度、主观规范和感知行为控制。数据分析包括描述性统计、交叉表和单因素方差检验。

结果

共收到 73 份回复，回复率为 35%，其中 58 份（28%）调查纳入数据分析。受访者（95%）使用 MI，对 MI 持积极态度，并认为 MI 是一种有效的行为咨询方法（98%）。然而，受访者对患者改变行为的能力表示担忧。这三个 TPB 结构被发现是在临床环境中使用 MI 的预测因素。年龄与 TPB 结构：行为控制之间存在显著关联（p=0.02）。