Recchia Daisy, Rollet Pascaline, Perignon Marlène, Bricas Nicolas, Vonthron Simon, Perrin Coline, Méjean Caroline
MoISA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, CIHEAM-IAMM, INRAE, Institut Agro, IRD, Montpellier, France.
CIRAD, UMR MoISA, Montpellier, France.
Front Nutr. 2022 Mar 3;9:828550. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.828550. eCollection 2022.
To limit the spread of COVID-19, a strict lockdown was imposed in France between March and May 2020. Mobility limitations and closure of non-essential public places (restaurants, open-air markets, etc.) affected peoples' food environment (FE) and thus their food purchasing practices (FPPs). This study aimed to explore changes in FPPs of French households during lockdown and associations with individual and environmental factors.
In April of 2020 households from the Mont'Panier cross-sectional study ( = 306), a quota sampling survey conducted in the south of France, were asked to complete an online questionnaire about their FPPs during lockdown and related factors, including perceived FE (distance to closest general food store, perception of increased food prices, etc.). Objective FE (presence, number, proximity, and density of food outlets) was assessed around participant's home using a geographical information system. Multiple correspondence analysis based on changes in frequency of use and quantity of food purchased by food outlet, followed by a hierarchical cluster analysis, resulted in the identification of clusters. Logistic regression models were performed to assess associations between identified clusters and household's sociodemographic characteristics, perceived, and objective FE.
Five clusters were identified. Cluster "Supermarket" (38% of the total sample), in which households reduced frequency of trips, but increased quantity bought in supermarkets during lockdown, was associated with lower incomes and the perception of increased food prices. Cluster "E-supermarket" (12%), in which households increased online food shopping with pickup at supermarket, was associated with higher incomes. Cluster "Diversified" (22%), made up of households who reduced frequency of trips to diverse food outlet types, was associated with the perception of increased food prices. Cluster "Organic Food Store" (20%), in which households did not change frequency of trips, nor quantity purchased in organic food stores, was associated with being older (35-50 y vs. <35 y). Finally, cluster "Producer" (8%), which includes households who regularly purchased food from producers, but mostly reduced these purchases during lockdown, was associated with the presence of an organic food store within a 1-km walking distance around home.
This study highlighted diverse changes in FPPs during lockdown and overall more significant associations with perceived than with objective FE indicators.
为限制新冠病毒病的传播，法国于2020年3月至5月实施了严格的封锁措施。行动限制以及非必要公共场所（餐馆、露天市场等）的关闭影响了人们的食物环境（FE），进而影响了他们的食物购买行为（FPPs）。本研究旨在探讨法国居民在封锁期间食物购买行为的变化以及与个体和环境因素的关联。
2020年4月，来自法国南部进行的一项配额抽样调查“蒙特帕尼尔横断面研究”（n = 306）中的家庭被要求完成一份关于他们在封锁期间的食物购买行为及相关因素的在线问卷，这些因素包括感知到的食物环境（到最近的综合食品店的距离、对食品价格上涨的感知等）。使用地理信息系统评估参与者家周围的客观食物环境（食品销售点的存在、数量、距离和密度）。基于食品销售点购买食品的使用频率和数量变化进行多重对应分析，随后进行层次聚类分析，从而确定聚类。进行逻辑回归模型分析，以评估确定的聚类与家庭社会人口学特征、感知到的和客观的食物环境之间的关联。
确定了五个聚类。“超市”聚类（占总样本的38%），其中家庭在封锁期间减少了出行频率，但增加了在超市的购买量，与较低收入和对食品价格上涨的感知相关。“电子超市”聚类（12%），其中家庭增加了在超市自提的在线食品购物，与较高收入相关。“多样化”聚类（22%），由减少前往各类食品销售点出行频率的家庭组成，与对食品价格上涨的感知相关。“有机食品店”聚类（20%），其中家庭既没有改变出行频率，也没有改变在有机食品店的购买量，与年龄较大（35 - 50岁与<35岁相比）相关。最后，“生产者”聚类（8%），包括那些经常从生产者那里购买食品，但在封锁期间大多减少了这些购买的家庭，与家周围1公里步行范围内存在有机食品店相关。
本研究突出了封锁期间食物购买行为的多样变化，总体而言，与感知到的食物环境指标的关联比与客观食物环境指标的关联更为显著。
