Imam Ahmad, Tawakul Abdullah A, Miyajan Khalil F, Majeed Zaid A, Buggs-Saxton Colleen
Internal Medicine / Endocrinology, Umm Al Qura University, Makkah, SAU.
Department of Internal Medicine / Neurology, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAU.
Cureus. 2022 Feb 13;14(2):e22182. doi: 10.7759/cureus.22182. eCollection 2022 Feb.
Arachnoid cyst (AC) is a rare defect of the central nervous system that accounts for 1% of all intracranial lesions, of which only 1% of reported cases are located in the third ventricle. Endocrine manifestations associated with AC include precocious puberty, growth hormone deficiency, and hypothalamic dysfunction. We report a child who presented with a visual field defect, hyponatremia, and precocious puberty related to a third ventricle AC. Hyponatremia as a complication of AC is rare. A literature review revealed two case reports of Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) associated with suprasellar AC. The pathophysiology of SIADH in AC is not well understood. Hyponatremia may worsen following endoscopic fenestration of the AC secondary to changes in intracranial pressure. In conclusion, hyponatremia with AC should be recognized during the preoperative and postoperative periods and may require treatment with hypertonic saline in addition to fluid restriction.
蛛网膜囊肿（AC）是一种罕见的中枢神经系统缺陷，占所有颅内病变的1%，其中仅1%的报告病例位于第三脑室。与AC相关的内分泌表现包括性早熟、生长激素缺乏和下丘脑功能障碍。我们报告一名儿童，其出现与第三脑室AC相关的视野缺损、低钠血症和性早熟。低钠血症作为AC的并发症很罕见。文献综述显示有两篇关于与鞍上AC相关的抗利尿激素分泌不当综合征（SIADH）的病例报告。AC中SIADH的病理生理学尚不清楚。AC内镜开窗术后，由于颅内压变化，低钠血症可能会加重。总之，术前和术后均应认识到AC合并的低钠血症，除限制液体摄入外，可能还需要用高渗盐水治疗。
