Centre for DNA Taxonomy, Molecular Systematics Division, Zoological Survey of India, 700053, Kolkata, West Bengal, India.
Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, UAHS, Shivamogga- 577 204, Karnataka, Shivamogga, India.
Mol Biol Rep. 2022 Jun;49(6):4399-4409. doi: 10.1007/s11033-022-07275-7. Epub 2022 Mar 21.
Mitochondrial genome rearrangements have been used for defining evolutionary relationships, but there have been incidences of convergences at different taxonomic levels. To gain new insights into whitefly mitogenome evolution, gene arrangement and phylogeny, we sequenced the complete mitogenome of Aleurodicus rugioperculatus (Aleyrodidae: Aleurodicinae) and conducted a comparative analysis with the previously published mitogenomes across the family Aleyrodidae.
The complete mitogenome of Aleurodicus rugioperculatus was generated by Next generation sequencing method. It is 15,060 bp circular molecule with 86.5 A + T and 5.5% G + C content. It contains 37 genes (13 PCGs, two rRNAs, 22 tRNAs) and a non-coding control region (CR). Comparative analysis of codon usage indicated that the subfamily Aleyrodinae have weaker bias than Aleurodicinae. Bayesian Inference (BI) and Maximum Likelihood (ML) phylogenetic analyses yielded similar topologies supporting the monophyly of Aleyrodinae and Aleurodicinae. The gene order of 13 whiteflies was compared with ancestor to examine the plesiomorphies, synapomorphies and autapomorphies. We identified five gene blocks (I-V) in the whitefly ancestor that are shared plesiomorphies retained in different whitefly lineages. Gene block I is conserved in all whiteflies except three species. Conversely, we detected 83 derived gene boundaries within the family. Mapping these gene boundaries onto a phylogenetic tree revealed that 16 were symplesiomorphies for two subfamilies; 9 were synapomorphies between the species, and 28 autapomorphies for individual species.
Comparative analyses of gene order of whiteflies revealed the derived gene boundaries which can be further investigated with more mitogenome data to examine the genome evolution in whiteflies.
线粒体基因组重排已被用于定义进化关系，但在不同的分类学水平上也存在趋同现象。为了深入了解粉虱线粒体基因组的进化、基因排列和系统发育，我们对 Rugioperculatus 粉虱（粉虱科：粉虱亚科）的完整线粒体基因组进行了测序，并与之前发表的粉虱科线粒体基因组进行了比较分析。
通过下一代测序方法生成了 Rugioperculatus 粉虱的完整线粒体基因组。它是一个 15060bp 的圆形分子，A+T 含量为 86.5%，G+C 含量为 5.5%。它包含 37 个基因（13 个 PCGs、两个 rRNAs、22 个 tRNAs）和一个非编码控制区（CR）。密码子使用的比较分析表明，粉虱亚科的偏性比粉虱亚科弱。贝叶斯推断（BI）和最大似然（ML）系统发育分析得出的拓扑结构相似，支持粉虱亚科和粉虱亚科的单系性。将 13 种粉虱的基因顺序与祖先进行比较，以检查祖征、共征和特征。我们在粉虱祖先中确定了五个基因块（I-V），这些基因块是不同粉虱谱系中保留的共同祖征。基因块 I 在除三种物种外的所有粉虱中都保守。相反，我们在该科内检测到 83 个衍生的基因边界。将这些基因边界映射到系统发育树上表明，其中 16 个是两个亚科的共祖征；9 个是物种间的共征，28 个是单个物种的特征。
粉虱基因顺序的比较分析揭示了衍生的基因边界，可以进一步用更多的线粒体基因组数据进行研究，以检查粉虱的基因组进化。
