College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China.
Tianjin Engineering Center of Environmental Diagnosis and Contamination Remediation, Tianjin, 300350, China.
Sci Rep. 2022 Mar 21;12(1):4808. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-08906-6.
The distribution and characteristics of petroleum in three different geographic oilfields in China: Shengli Oilfield (SL), Nanyang Oilfield (NY), and Yanchang Oilfield (YC) were investigated. The average concentration of the total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) conformed to be in the following law: SL Oilfield > NY Oilfield > YC Oilfield. Fingerprint analysis on the petroleum contamination level and source was conducted by the geochemical indices of n-alkanes and PAHs, such as low to high molecular weight (LMW/HMW) hydrocarbons, n-alkanes/pristine or phytane (C17/ Pr, C18/Ph), and ratio of anthracene/ (anthracene + phenanthrene) [Ant/(Ant + Phe)]. Soils adjacent to working well oils indicated new petroleum input with higher ratio of low to high molecular weight (LMW/HMW) hydrocarbons. The oil contamination occurred in the grassland soils might result of rainfall runoff. Petroleum source, petroleum combustion source, and biomass combustion were dominant PAHs origination of soils collected from oil exploitation area, petrochemical-related sites, farmland and grassland, respectively. The suggestive petroleum control strategies were proposed in each oilfield soils. Ecological potential risk of PAHs was assessed according to the toxic equivalent quantity (TEQ) of seven carcinogenic PAHs. The results showed that high, medium, and low ecological risk presented in petro-related area, grassland soils, and farmland soils, respectively. High ecological risk was persistent in abandoned oil well areas over abandoned time of 15 years, and basically stable after 5 years. This study can provide a critical insight to ecological risk management and source control of the petroleum contamination.
本研究调查了中国三个不同地理位置油田(胜利油田 [SL]、南阳油田 [NY] 和延长油田 [YC])的石油分布和特征。总石油烃(TPH)的平均浓度符合以下规律:SL 油田>NY 油田>YC 油田。通过正构烷烃和多环芳烃(如低分子量/高分子量(LMW/HMW)烃、正构烷烃/姥鲛烷或植烷(C17/Pr,C18/Ph)和蒽/(蒽+菲)[Ant/(Ant+Phe)]等地球化学指标对石油污染程度和来源进行了指纹分析。与工作井油相邻的土壤表明存在新的石油输入,具有较高的低分子量/高分子量(LMW/HMW)烃比值。草地土壤中的石油污染可能是由于降雨径流造成的。从石油开发区、石化相关场地、农田和草地采集的土壤中,优势多环芳烃(PAHs)来源分别为石油源、石油燃烧源和生物质燃烧源。针对每个油田土壤提出了具体的石油控制策略。根据七种致癌多环芳烃的毒性等效量(TEQ)评估了 PAHs 的生态潜在风险。结果表明,石化相关区域、草地土壤和农田土壤分别存在高、中、低生态风险。废弃 15 年的废弃油井区域存在高生态风险,废弃 5 年后基本稳定。本研究可为石油污染的生态风险管理和来源控制提供重要见解。