Institute of Public Health, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland.
Winterthurer Institut für Gesundheitsökonomie, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland.
Swiss Med Wkly. 2022 Mar 18;152:w30156. doi: 10.4414/smw.2022.w30156. eCollection 2022 Mar 14.
In Switzerland, COVID-19 vaccines have been approved for children aged 5-11 years only recently, whereas vaccination of adolescents aged 12 years and older was approved in early summer 2021. Although the disease burden in children and adolescents has been reasonably mild, they can transmit COVID-19 to others, thus vaccinating this age group may help to curb the COVID-19 pandemic. The main objective was to investigate the association between five psychological antecedents of vaccination hesitancy in COVID-19 immunised parents and their intention to have their child vaccinated against COVID-19. Further, we examined if parental vaccination history and conviction of the benefits of Swiss paediatric vaccination recommendations are associated with child vaccination intention, and where parents would like the vaccination performed.
A cross-sectional anonymous online survey in the COVID-19 vaccination centre Winterthur was conducted between 16 May and 30 September 2021. Individuals receiving COVID-19 vaccines in the vaccination centre were invited to participate. All individuals who participated in the survey after their first dose with children under 16 years were included in the analysis (n = 1318). Using multivariable logistic regression, the association between our main predictor variables, psychological antecedents (confidence, constraints, complacency, calculation, collective responsibility) measured by the validated 5C scale, and parents' intention to have their child vaccinated against COVID-19 was analysed, adjusted for parental vaccination history, conviction of benefits of vaccination recommendations for children and adults, children's age group, sociodemographic factors, and time-point of vaccine authorisation for 12-16-year-olds.
58.7% of the parents intended to vaccinate their child against COVID-19. Their preferred vaccination location for their child was the paediatrician or family doctor. Three psychological antecedents were associated with vaccination intention: confidence (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 1.33, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.00-1.76; borderline significant), calculation (AOR 0.68, 95% CI 0.58-0.81), and collective responsibility (AOR 1.93, 95% CI 1.47-2.52). Influenza vaccination (AOR 1.53, 95% CI 1.15-2.03) and conviction of the benefits of the Swiss vaccination recommendations for children and adolescents were independently associated with parental vaccination intention.
Campaigns on COVID-19 vaccination for children may increase the intention of parents to have a child vaccinated when they address collective responsibility and calculation (weighing risks and benefits), independent of the conviction of the benefits of the vaccination recommendations, which was also a significant factor. The findings further show that parents of younger children favour their paediatrician or family doctor over vaccination centres as the vaccination setting for their child, an important finding for paediatric COVID-19 vaccination strategies.
在瑞士，COVID-19 疫苗最近才获准用于 5-11 岁儿童，而 12 岁及以上青少年的疫苗接种则于 2021 年初夏获得批准。尽管儿童和青少年的疾病负担相当轻微，但他们可以将 COVID-19 传播给他人，因此为这一年龄组接种疫苗可能有助于遏制 COVID-19 大流行。主要目的是调查 COVID-19 免疫父母的五个疫苗犹豫心理前因与他们为孩子接种 COVID-19 疫苗的意愿之间的关联。此外，我们还研究了父母的疫苗接种史和对瑞士儿科疫苗接种建议益处的信念是否与儿童疫苗接种意愿相关，以及父母希望在哪里为孩子接种疫苗。
2021 年 5 月 16 日至 9 月 30 日，在 Winterthur COVID-19 疫苗接种中心进行了一项横断面匿名在线调查。接种中心接受 COVID-19 疫苗的个人被邀请参加。所有在第一次接种疫苗后有 16 岁以下儿童的参与者都被纳入分析（n=1318）。使用多变量逻辑回归，分析了我们的主要预测变量（通过验证的 5C 量表测量的信心、限制、自满、计算、集体责任）与父母为孩子接种 COVID-19 疫苗的意愿之间的关联，调整了父母的疫苗接种史、对儿童和成人疫苗接种建议益处的信念、儿童年龄组、社会人口因素以及 12-16 岁青少年疫苗授权的时间点。
58.7%的父母打算为孩子接种 COVID-19 疫苗。他们为孩子首选的接种地点是儿科医生或家庭医生。三个心理前因与接种意愿相关：信心（调整后的优势比 [AOR] 1.33，95%置信区间 [CI] 1.00-1.76；边缘显著）、计算（AOR 0.68，95%CI 0.58-0.81）和集体责任（AOR 1.93，95%CI 1.47-2.52）。流感疫苗接种（AOR 1.53，95%CI 1.15-2.03）和对瑞士儿童和青少年疫苗接种建议益处的信念与父母的疫苗接种意愿独立相关。
针对儿童的 COVID-19 疫苗接种宣传活动可能会增加父母为孩子接种疫苗的意愿，尤其是当宣传活动涉及集体责任和计算（权衡风险和收益）时，而对疫苗接种建议益处的信念也是一个重要因素。研究结果进一步表明，年幼子女的父母更倾向于让儿科医生或家庭医生为孩子接种疫苗，而不是接种中心，这是儿童 COVID-19 疫苗接种策略的一个重要发现。
