埃塞俄比亚药品供应机构计划药物采购实践及其面临的挑战：混合方法研究。

Procurement Practice of Program Drugs and Its Challenges at the Ethiopian Pharmaceuticals Supply Agency: A Mixed Methods Study.

机构信息

Department of Social and Administrative Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, 247532Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.

出版信息

Inquiry. 2022 Jan-Dec;59:469580221078514. doi: 10.1177/00469580221078514.

DOI:10.1177/00469580221078514

PMID:35316108

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8943532/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Effective drug procurement guarantees the sustainable supply of products for health and eliminates excessive costs. However, there is limited information on the area of pharmaceutical procurement practice in Ethiopia. Thus, this study aimed at assessing the procurement practices of program drugs and its challenges at the Ethiopian Pharmaceuticals Supply Agency.

METHODS

A cross-sectional study accompanied by qualitative assessment was conducted between February 21 and April 20/2020 to examine the procurement practice of the Ethiopian pharmaceutical supply agency. The quantitative data were gathered by reviewing documents and electronic records. Mean forecast error, price paid to international price reference, number of emergency orders placed, and lead time variability were the measurements used to assess the procurement practice. A statistical package for the social sciences version 23 was used to analyze the data. The results were then summarized using tables and texts. The qualitative data were collated through face-to-face in-depth interviews to explore the challenges behind the procurement practice. And the data were analyzed manually using the thematic analysis technique.

RESULTS

The agency had its own procurement list which defines the items to be procured. The overall mean forecast error in the 2018/19 budget year was 27.8%. Of the 70 program commodities included in the study, 52 (74.3%) items had a mean price less than the international price reference. Three of the 14 orders (21.4%) placed in the aforementioned year were emergency purchases made through direct procurement. The mean lead time for the suppliers of the agency was 137.3 days. Poor data quality from service delivery points, staff capacity constraints, communication problems, and policy issues became the major challenges to implement an effective procurement system in the agency.

CONCLUSION

The procurement practice at the agency has strong side. However, it was not without weaknesses. Using a procurement list is a worthwhile practice. Despite this, much remains to improve lead times and forecasting accuracy.

摘要

背景

有效的药品采购能确保卫生保健产品的持续供应，并消除过度成本。然而，关于埃塞俄比亚药品采购实践领域的信息有限。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚药品供应机构的药品采购实践及其面临的挑战。

方法

在 2020 年 2 月 21 日至 4 月 20/2020 日期间，进行了一项横断面研究，并结合定性评估，以检查埃塞俄比亚药品供应机构的采购实践。定量数据是通过审查文件和电子记录收集的。使用采购实践的衡量标准包括预测误差均值、支付给国际价格参考的价格、下达的紧急订单数量和提前期变异。使用社会科学统计软件包 23 分析数据。结果以表格和文本形式进行总结。通过面对面的深入访谈收集定性数据，以探讨采购实践背后的挑战。并使用主题分析技术手动分析数据。

结果

该机构有自己的采购清单，其中规定了要采购的项目。2018/19 预算年度的总体平均预测误差为 27.8%。在所研究的 70 种方案商品中，有 52 种（74.3%）商品的平均价格低于国际价格参考。在上述一年中下达的 14 份订单中有 3 份（21.4%）是通过直接采购下达的紧急订单。该机构供应商的平均提前期为 137.3 天。来自服务提供点的数据质量差、员工能力有限、沟通问题和政策问题是该机构实施有效采购系统的主要挑战。