Souza Victor Alvino, Barreto Renan Vieira, Mantovani Guilherme Beneduzzi, Greco Camila Coelho, Denadai Benedito Sérgio, Nosaka Kazunori, Lima Leonardo Coelho Rabello
São Paulo State University.
Federal University of Santa Catarina.
Res Q Exerc Sport. 2023 Mar;94(1):194-201. doi: 10.1080/02701367.2021.1954586. Epub 2022 Mar 22.
Explosive performance is increased right after performing loaded resistance exercise, which is known as post-activation performance enhancement (PAPE). We investigated the effects of a plyometric exercise (PLYO) consisting of five sets of six drop-jumps from a 52-cm platform with a load corresponding to 20% body mass on changes in countermovement jump (CMJ) height in sedentary young men. Eleven young nonresistance trained men (19.6 ± 1.8 y, 69 ± 9 kg, 1.76 ± 0.08 m) who showed more than 4% increase in CMJ height at 4 min after five back squats with five-repetition maximum load participated in the study. Their responses to the back squat exercise were examined before (baseline) and 15 minutes, 24 and 48 hours post-PLYO. Exercise-induced muscle damage markers (maximal voluntary contraction torque [MVC], and quadriceps muscle soreness) were assessed at baseline, 15 minutes, 24 and 48 hours following PLYO. MVC torque decreased ( < .05) at 15 minutes post-PLYO (-15.1 ± 9.7%) but returned to the baseline at 24 hours post-PLYO. Muscle soreness developed ( < .05) at 48 hours (21.0 ± 20.3 mm) after PLYO, indicating minor muscle damage. CMJ height increased ( < .05) after the five squats at baseline (7.6 ± 3.8%) indicating PAPE, but no such increase was found at 15 minutes, 24 and 48 hours after PLYO. However, CMJ height before the squat exercise was greater ( < .05) at 24 (5.9 ± 7.0%) and 48 hours post-PLYO (9.1 ± 8.5%) than the baseline. These results showed that PAPE disappeared after PLYO that induced minor muscle damage, but CMJ height increased at 24-48 hours in the recovery from PLYO exhibiting a priming effect.
在进行负重抗阻训练后，爆发力会立即增强，这被称为激活后表现增强（PAPE）。我们研究了一种增强式训练（PLYO）的效果，该训练包括从52厘米高的平台进行五组，每组六次的负重纵跳，负重相当于体重的20%，观察其对久坐不动的年轻男性反向纵跳（CMJ）高度变化的影响。11名未经抗阻训练的年轻男性（19.6±1.8岁，69±9千克，身高1.76±0.08米）参与了这项研究，他们在进行五次最大重复负荷的后深蹲4分钟后，CMJ高度增加超过4%。在进行PLYO前（基线）以及PLYO后15分钟、24小时和48小时，检测他们对后深蹲训练的反应。在基线、PLYO后15分钟、24小时和48小时评估运动诱发的肌肉损伤标志物（最大自主收缩扭矩[MVC]和股四头肌酸痛程度）。PLYO后15分钟时MVC扭矩下降（P<0.05）（-15.1±9.7%），但在PLYO后24小时恢复到基线水平。PLYO后48小时出现肌肉酸痛（P<0.05）（21.0±20.3毫米），表明有轻微肌肉损伤。基线时，五次深蹲后CMJ高度增加（P<0.05）（7.6±3.8%），表明存在PAPE，但在PLYO后15分钟、24小时和48小时未发现此类增加。然而，深蹲训练前的CMJ高度在PLYO后24小时（5.9±7.0%）和48小时（9.1±8.5%）高于基线（P<0.05）。这些结果表明，诱导轻微肌肉损伤的PLYO后PAPE消失，但在从PLYO恢复的24至48小时内CMJ高度增加，表现出一种启动效应。
