医院环境中的工作场所锻炼计划：促进员工身心健康的有效策略。一项随机对照研究。

Workplace exercise program in a hospital environment: an effective strategy for the promotion of employees physical and mental health. A randomized controlled study.

机构信息

Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Greece.

Achilopoulio General Hospital of Volos, Volos, Greece.

出版信息

Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2022 Sep;95(7):1491-1500. doi: 10.1007/s00420-022-01856-6. Epub 2022 Mar 22.

DOI:10.1007/s00420-022-01856-6

PMID:35316372

Abstract

PURPOSE

The demanding and exhausting working hours, as well as the bad and unsuitable working conditions that prevail in several hospitals, affect employees' physical and mental health. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a daily 6-week supervised workplace exercise program on health indices, functional capacity, overall fitness, subjective vitality, and life satisfaction in health professionals.

METHODS

A randomized controlled study was used. 50 health professionals (40-55 years), working in a hospital environment, were divided into two groups: exercise (EG) and control group (CG). EG performed a 6-week supervised concurrent chair-based exercise program (stretching, strength, balance exercises, aerobic dance; 5 days/week, 30-40 min/day, 2 workouts/day lasted 15-20 min) in the hospital. Health indices (body composition, blood pressure, respiratory function), functional capacity (flexibility, balance), physical fitness (strength, cardiorespiratory fitness), subjective vitality, and life satisfaction were measured before and after the completion of the program. Additionally, after the completion of the program, EG participants' enjoyment was assessed.

RESULTS

EG significantly increased (p < 0.001) lean body mass and respiratory function (range of mean increase 3.5-4.5%, depending on the variable), functional capacity (range of mean increase 18-40%, depending on the variable), lower and upper libs maximal strength (range of mean increase 10-25%, depending on the variable), subjective vitality (41.3%) and life satisfaction (21.5%); while significantly decreased (p < 0.001) heart rate during submaximal test (- 14%), body fat and blood pressure (range of mean decrease - 3.5% to - 5.5%, depending on the variable). In CG, all the above variables did not change. Furthermore, a great percentage of employees (95%) reported high levels of enjoyment.

CONCLUSION

A workplace exercise program may be safely used for the promotion of employees' physical and mental health.

摘要

目的

在一些医院中，工作时间紧张且劳累，工作条件恶劣且不适宜，这些因素影响着员工的身心健康。本研究旨在探讨每日 6 周监督下的工作场所锻炼计划对卫生专业人员健康指数、功能能力、整体健康、主观活力和生活满意度的影响。

方法

采用随机对照研究。将 50 名在医院工作的卫生专业人员（40-55 岁）分为两组：锻炼组（EG）和对照组（CG）。EG 在医院进行为期 6 周的监督式联合椅上运动计划（伸展、力量、平衡运动、有氧舞蹈；5 天/周，30-40 分钟/天，2 次锻炼/天，每次 15-20 分钟）。在完成计划前后测量健康指数（身体成分、血压、呼吸功能）、功能能力（柔韧性、平衡）、身体素质（力量、心肺健康）、主观活力和生活满意度。此外，在完成计划后，评估 EG 参与者的享受程度。

结果

EG 显著增加（p<0.001）瘦体重和呼吸功能（取决于变量，平均增加范围为 3.5-4.5%）、功能能力（取决于变量，平均增加范围为 18-40%）、下臂和上臂最大力量（取决于变量，平均增加范围为 10-25%）、主观活力（41.3%）和生活满意度（21.5%）；同时显著降低（p<0.001）亚最大运动时的心率（-14%）、体脂肪和血压（取决于变量，平均降低范围为-3.5%至-5.5%）。在 CG 中，所有上述变量均无变化。此外，大多数员工（95%）报告了高度的享受程度。