Hassan Nurfarhana, Ahmad Tahir, Mahat Naji Arafat, Maarof Hasmerya, How Foo Keat
Department of Computer and Mathematical Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Kampus Permatang Pauh, 13500, Permatang Pauh, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.
Department of Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
Sci Rep. 2022 Mar 22;12(1):4826. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-08821-w.
Counterfeiting, in particular, the forgery of banknotes is a serious crime problem and has become a great challenge to the global economies. The forensic science experts have been utilizing chemical technique such as infrared spectroscopy to analyze genuine and counterfeit banknotes. Nevertheless, chemometrics techniques are required to further discriminate the banknotes. In this paper, an advanced fuzzy graph chemometrics method is used to discriminate genuine and counterfeit fifty Ringgit Malaysian (RM50) banknotes. The development of the technique, namely chemometrics fuzzy autocatalytic set (c-FACS) is presented in this paper, together with the results and its comparison to principal component analysis (PCA) method. The results from the c-FACS analysis showed distinct patterns and features of the counterfeit banknotes in the c-FACS plot. Furthermore, the new method is faster than PCA in authentication analysis of counterfeit banknotes. Hence, the c-FACS provides better performance in terms of computing time as compared to PCA, and has the potential in assisting the investigation involving counterfeit banknotes.
特别是伪造，尤其是伪造纸币，是一个严重的犯罪问题，已成为全球经济面临的巨大挑战。法医学专家一直在利用红外光谱等化学技术来分析真钞和假钞。然而，需要化学计量学技术来进一步区分纸币。本文采用一种先进的模糊图化学计量学方法来区分马来西亚50林吉特（RM50）真钞和假钞。本文介绍了该技术即化学计量学模糊自催化集（c-FACS）的发展情况，以及结果及其与主成分分析（PCA）方法的比较。c-FACS分析结果在c-FACS图中显示了假钞的明显模式和特征。此外，在假钞鉴别分析中，新方法比PCA更快。因此，与PCA相比，c-FACS在计算时间方面具有更好的性能，并且有潜力协助涉及假钞的调查。
