Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom.
CAMERA Centre, University of Bath, Bath, United Kingdom.
Prosthet Orthot Int. 2022 Aug 1;46(4):327-334. doi: 10.1097/PXR.0000000000000105. Epub 2022 Mar 23.
Objective and reliable methods are necessary to monitor and manage amputee residuum shape and volume and design prosthetic residuum-prosthesis interfaces. Portable 3D scanners are potential solutions for digitally recording the amputee residuum characteristics.
To investigate test-operator reliability when measuring lower limb residuum shape and volume using two different types of 3D laser-free scanners compared with tape measurements generally adopted in clinic.
Ten lower limb amputees took part in this study. Residuum volume, cross sectional areas, and perimeter lengths were measured by three different operators on three different occasions using two types of 3D scanners (Artec Eva scanner and OMEGA Scanner 3D) and circumferential measurements.
Variance components, intraclass correlation coefficients and intra-rater and inter-rater reliability coefficients were calculated for all measurement conditions.
Residuum volume outputs ranged from 569 to 3115 mL. The factor contributing mostly to the residuum volume error variance was the shape of the residuum (75.85%). Volume intraclass correlation coefficients for both intra-rater and inter-rater reliability exceeded 0.9 for all three conditions. Volume reliability coefficients ranged from 70.68 mL (Artec Eva intra-rater reliability) to 256.85 mL (circumferential measurements inter-rater reliability). Shape relative error reached the highest values for the circumferential measurements (>10% for the cross-sectional areas and >5% for the perimeters).
The Artec Eva scanner resulted in the lowest test-operator reliability coefficients. However, both investigated scanners are a potential alternative for measuring small and macroscopic changes in residuum characteristics.
客观可靠的方法对于监测和管理截肢残肢的形状和体积以及设计假肢残肢-假体接口是必要的。便携式 3D 扫描仪是数字化记录截肢残肢特征的潜在解决方案。
研究使用两种不同类型的 3D 无激光扫描仪与临床常用的卷尺测量相比，测量下肢残肢形状和体积时的测试操作员可靠性。
10 名下肢截肢者参与了这项研究。使用两种 3D 扫描仪（Artec Eva 扫描仪和 OMEGA Scanner 3D）和周长测量，由三名不同的操作员在三个不同的场合测量残肢体积、横截面积和周长。
计算所有测量条件下的方差分量、组内相关系数以及内部和外部测试操作员的可靠性系数。
残肢体积输出范围为 569 至 3115 毫升。对残肢体积误差方差贡献最大的因素是残肢的形状（75.85%）。所有三种条件下，内部和外部测试操作员的残肢体积组内相关系数均超过 0.9。体积可靠性系数范围为 70.68 毫升（Artec Eva 内部测试操作员可靠性）至 256.85 毫升（周长测量外部测试操作员可靠性）。形状相对误差达到周长测量的最高值（横截面积大于 10%，周长大于 5%）。
Artec Eva 扫描仪导致了最低的测试操作员可靠性系数。然而，两种所研究的扫描仪都可能是测量残肢特征的小和宏观变化的替代方法。
