Knezović Ana, Kolobarić Nikolina, Drenjančević Ines, Mihaljević Zrinka, Šušnjara Petar, Jukić Ivana, Stupin Marko, Kibel Aleksandar, Marczi Saška, Mihalj Martina, Stupin Ana
Community Health Center Osijek-Baranja County, Park Kralja P. Krešimira IV/6, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine Osijek, Josip Juraj University of Osijek, J. Huttlera 4, 31000 Osijek, Croatia.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Feb 23;11(3):444. doi: 10.3390/antiox11030444.
This study aimed to investigate the effect of 7-day high-salt (HS) and the specific role of oxidative stress on vascular low-grade inflammation initiation in young salt-resistant healthy individuals. 30 young healthy individuals adhered to a 7-day low-salt (LS) diet (3.5 g salt/day), followed by a 7-day high-salt (HS) diet (~14.7 g salt/day) protocol. Pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, frequencies of peripheral blood Th17 and Treg cells, Th17/Treg ratio, enzymes SGK1, and p38/MAP kinase, as well as biomarkers of endothelial activation and oxidative stress, were measured before and after the 7-day HS diet protocol. Short-term HS diet significantly increased serum level of pro-inflammatory cytokines INF-γ, TNF-α, IL-9, and IL-17A levels, but also of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β1. Relative amount of total SGK1 significantly increased, following the 7-day HS diet. Increased oxidative stress level, following HS diet, was negatively associated with the frequency of Treg cells. The increase in relative amount of total SGK1 in peripheral mononuclear cells following 7-day HS diet suggests lymphocyte (re)activation, in response to HS intake, resulting in enhanced production of pro-inflammatory (IL-17, INF-γ), but also anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β1). Increased oxidative stress, due to HS loading, alters immune regulatory mechanisms, presumably via effects on Treg cells.
本研究旨在调查7天高盐（HS）饮食的影响以及氧化应激在年轻盐抵抗健康个体血管低度炎症起始中的具体作用。30名年轻健康个体遵循7天低盐（LS）饮食（3.5克盐/天），随后采用7天高盐（HS）饮食方案（约14.7克盐/天）。在7天高盐饮食方案前后，测量促炎和抗炎细胞因子、外周血Th17和Treg细胞频率、Th17/Treg比值、酶SGK1和p38/丝裂原活化蛋白激酶，以及内皮激活和氧化应激的生物标志物。短期高盐饮食显著增加促炎细胞因子INF-γ、TNF-α、IL-9和IL-17A的血清水平，同时也增加抗炎细胞因子IL-10和TGF-β1的血清水平。7天高盐饮食后，总SGK1的相对量显著增加。高盐饮食后氧化应激水平升高与Treg细胞频率呈负相关。7天高盐饮食后外周单核细胞中总SGK1相对量的增加表明，淋巴细胞（重新）激活以响应高盐摄入，导致促炎细胞因子（IL-17、INF-γ）以及抗炎细胞因子（IL-10和TGF-β1）的产生增加。由于高盐负荷导致的氧化应激增加可能通过影响Treg细胞改变免疫调节机制。
