Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Genes (Basel). 2022 Mar 16;13(3):522. doi: 10.3390/genes13030522.
Animal mitochondrial (mt) genomes are typically double-strand circular DNA molecules, but diverse structural variations have been widely found in multiple groups. In parasitic lice (Phthiraptera), the structure of mt genomes varies remarkably across all five suborders. In this study, we reported the complete mt genome of a chicken body louse, , which has a typical single circular mt chromosome and drastic mt gene rearrangements. This mt genome is 15,693 bp in length, consisting of 13 protein-coding genes, 23 tRNA genes, 2 rRNA genes, and a control region. A comparison with a typical insect mt genome suggested that two highly similar are present in the mt genome of . Moreover, almost every single gene was rearranged, and over half of mt genes were inverted. Phylogenetic analyses inferred from the mt genome sequences supported the monophyly and position of Amblycera. Mapped over the phylogenetic relationships of Amblycera, we identified two inversion events for the conserved gene blocks in Boopidae and Menoponidae. The inverted was likely a synapomorphic rearrangement in Menoponidae. Our study demonstrated the importance of sequencing mt genomes for additional taxa to uncover the mechanism underlying the structural evolution of the mt genome in parasitic lice.
动物线粒体 (mt) 基因组通常是双链环状 DNA 分子，但在多个类群中广泛发现了多种结构变异。在寄生虱 (Phthiraptera) 中，mt 基因组的结构在所有五个亚目中都有显著差异。在这项研究中，我们报道了一种鸡体虱 的完整 mt 基因组，它具有典型的单环 mt 染色体和剧烈的 mt 基因重排。这个 mt 基因组长 15693bp，由 13 个蛋白编码基因、23 个 tRNA 基因、2 个 rRNA 基因和一个控制区组成。与典型的昆虫 mt 基因组的比较表明，在 的 mt 基因组中存在两个高度相似的 。此外，几乎每个基因都发生了重排，超过一半的 mt 基因发生了倒置。基于 mt 基因组序列的系统发育分析支持了无翅目昆虫的单系性和位置。在无翅目昆虫的系统发育关系上进行映射，我们确定了 Boopidae 和 Menoponidae 中保守基因块的两个倒置事件。倒置 的可能是 Menoponidae 中的一个同源重排。我们的研究表明，测序 mt 基因组对于更多类群的重要性，以揭示寄生虱 mt 基因组结构进化的机制。
