Álvarez-Pérez Yolanda, Rivero-Santana Amado, Perestelo-Pérez Lilisbeth, Duarte-Díaz Andrea, Ramos-García Vanesa, Toledo-Chávarri Ana, Torres-Castaño Alezandra, León-Salas Beatriz, Infante-Ventura Diego, González-Hernández Nerea, Rodríguez-Rodríguez Leticia, Serrano-Aguilar Pedro
Canary Islands Health Research Institute Foundation (FIISC), 38109 Tenerife, Spain.
Evaluation Unit (SESCS), Canary Islands Health Service (SCS), 38109 Tenerife, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Mar 13;19(6):3380. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19063380.
Meditation is defined as a form of cognitive training that aims to improve attentional and emotional self-regulation. This systematic review aims to evaluate the available scientific evidence on the effectiveness and safety of mantra-based meditation techniques (MBM), in comparison to passive or active controls, or other active treatment, for the management of mental health symptoms.
MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and PsycINFO databases were consulted up to April 2021. Randomised controlled trials regarding meditation techniques mainly based on the repetition of mantras, such as transcendental meditation or others, were included.
MBM, compared to control conditions, was found to produce significant small-to-moderate effect sizes in the reduction of anxiety (g = -0.46, IC95%: -0.60, -0.32; I = 33%), depression (g = -0.33, 95% CI: -0.48, -0.19; I = 12%), stress (g = -0.45, 95% CI: -0.65, -0.24; I = 46%), post-traumatic stress (g = -0.59, 95% CI: -0.79, -0.38; I = 0%), and mental health-related quality of life (g = 0.32, 95% CI: 0.15, 0.49; I = 0%).
MBM appears to produce small-to-moderate significant reductions in mental health; however, this evidence is weakened by the risk of study bias and the paucity of studies with psychiatric samples and long-term follow-up.
冥想被定义为一种认知训练形式，旨在改善注意力和情绪自我调节。本系统评价旨在评估与被动或主动对照，或其他主动治疗相比，基于咒语的冥想技术（MBM）在管理心理健康症状方面的有效性和安全性的现有科学证据。
检索了截至2021年4月的MEDLINE、EMBASE、Cochrane图书馆和PsycINFO数据库。纳入了主要基于咒语重复的冥想技术的随机对照试验，如超验冥想或其他技术。
与对照条件相比，发现MBM在减轻焦虑（g = -0.46，IC95%：-0.60，-0.32；I = 33%）、抑郁（g = -0.33，95%CI：-0.48，-0.19；I = 12%）、压力（g = -0.45，95%CI：-0.65，-0.24；I = 46%）、创伤后应激（g = -0.59，95%CI：-0.79，-0.38；I = 0%）以及与心理健康相关的生活质量（g = 0.32，95%CI：0.15，0.49；I = 0%）方面产生显著的小到中等效应量。
MBM似乎能使心理健康有小到中等程度的显著改善；然而，由于研究偏倚风险以及精神病样本和长期随访研究的匮乏，这一证据的力度有所减弱。
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