Alpert Medical School at Brown University, 171 Meeting St, Providence RI 02912.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2019 Aug;28:159-165. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2018.12.011. Epub 2019 Jan 7.
Previous research has found that very few, if any, psychological or physiological processes are universally beneficial. Instead, positive phenomena tend to follow a non-monotonic or inverted U-shaped trajectory where their typically positive effects eventually turn negative. This review investigates mindfulness-related processes for signs of non-monotonicity. A number of mindfulness-related processes-including, mindful attention (observing awareness, interoception), mindfulness qualities, mindful emotion regulation (prefrontal control, decentering, exposure, acceptance), and meditation practice-show signs of non-monotonicity, boundary conditions, or negative effects under certain conditions. A research agenda that investigates the possibility of mindfulness as non-monotonic may be able to provide an explanatory framework for the mix of positive, null, and negative effects that could maximize the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions.
先前的研究发现，很少有（如果有的话）心理或生理过程是普遍有益的。相反，积极现象往往遵循非单调或倒 U 形轨迹，其通常的积极效果最终会转为负面。本综述探讨了与正念相关的过程是否存在非单调现象。一些与正念相关的过程——包括正念注意（观察意识、内感受）、正念特质、正念情绪调节（前额叶控制、去中心化、暴露、接受）和冥想练习——在某些条件下显示出非单调、边界条件或负面效应的迹象。一项研究议程，探讨正念作为非单调的可能性，可能为正念干预的积极、中性和消极效果的混合提供一个解释框架，从而最大限度地提高正念干预的效果。
