Pei Dejian, Li Yu, Duan Xiangjie, Cang Daqiang, Yang Yindong, McLean Alex, Guo Zhancheng, Xu Chuanhua
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China.
Sinosteel Maanshan General Institute of Mining Research Co., Ltd., Maanshan 243000, China.
Materials (Basel). 2022 Mar 8;15(6):1993. doi: 10.3390/ma15061993.
Ferrochrome slag (FS) and tundish slag (TS) are two typical slags containing high contents of CrO (3.88 wt.%) and MnO (18.69 wt.%), respectively. In this study, batches of ceramics were prepared from FS and TS, and their Cr/Mn leaching behaviors, mechanical properties and microstructures were investigated. Results showed that ceramics with 80 wt.% FS or 85 wt.% TS had acceptable properties. By controlling its composition and sintering temperature, pyroxene or spinel phases could become the main crystalline phases of the fired ceramics containing either of the two slags. For both slag series, pyroxene phases contributed to higher bending strengths, whereas spinel phases led to lower Cr/Mn leaching rates. Both ceramic containing 20 wt.% FS and ceramic containing 85 wt.% TS had the main crystals of pyroxene phases and possessed the highest bending strengths (FS20: 114.52 MPa and TS85: 124.61 MPa). However, both ceramic containing 80 wt.% FS and ceramic containing 25 wt.% TS with main crystals from the spinel phases had the lowest Cr/Mn leaching rates (FS80: Cr 0.05% and TS25: Mn 0.43%). Therefore, optimum designs for the compositions of ceramics from different slags were achieved by changing the proportions of pyroxene and spinel phases to obtain a balance between the high strengths of materials and the stable retention of heavy metal ions. This study provides an important basis for long-term research on the large-scale reuse of heavy metal-containing slags in the ceramic industry.
铬铁渣（FS）和中间包渣（TS）是两种典型的炉渣，分别含有高含量的CrO（3.88 wt.%）和MnO（18.69 wt.%）。在本研究中，用FS和TS制备了多批陶瓷，并对其Cr/Mn浸出行为、力学性能和微观结构进行了研究。结果表明，含有80 wt.% FS或85 wt.% TS的陶瓷具有可接受的性能。通过控制其组成和烧结温度，辉石相或尖晶石相可以成为含这两种炉渣之一的烧制陶瓷的主要晶相。对于这两个炉渣系列，辉石相有助于提高抗弯强度，而尖晶石相导致较低的Cr/Mn浸出率。含有20 wt.% FS的陶瓷和含有85 wt.% TS的陶瓷都以辉石相为主晶体，具有最高的抗弯强度（FS20：114.52 MPa和TS85：124.61 MPa）。然而，以尖晶石相为主晶体的含有80 wt.% FS的陶瓷和含有25 wt.% TS的陶瓷都具有最低的Cr/Mn浸出率（FS80：Cr 0.05%和TS25：Mn 0.43%）。因此，通过改变辉石相和尖晶石相的比例，实现了不同炉渣陶瓷组成的优化设计，以在材料的高强度和重金属离子的稳定保留之间取得平衡。本研究为陶瓷工业中含重金属炉渣大规模再利用的长期研究提供了重要依据。
