自我同情及其与复发性重度抑郁症中反刍倾向和迷走神经介导的心率变异性的关联。
Self-Compassion and Its Association With Ruminative Tendencies and Vagally Mediated Heart Rate Variability in Recurrent Major Depression.
作者信息
Svendsen Julie Lillebostad, Schanche Elisabeth, Vøllestad Jon, Visted Endre, Jentschke Sebastian, Karl Anke, Binder Per-Einar, Osnes Berge, Sørensen Lin
机构信息
Bjørgvin District Psychiatric Centre, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.
Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
出版信息
Front Psychol. 2022 Mar 7;13:798914. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.798914. eCollection 2022.
BACKGROUND
Recurrent Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is one of the most disabling mental disorders in modern society. Prior research has shown that self-compassion protects against ruminative tendencies, a key feature of recurrent MDD. In addition, self-compassion has been found to be positively related to higher psychophysiological flexibility (indexed by a higher vagally mediated heart rate variability; vmHRV) in young, healthy adults. To our knowledge, there is a lack of studies on how self-compassion relates to vmHRV in patients with recurrent MDD. The aim of the current study was to investigate whether higher self-compassion would associate with (1) lower ruminative tendencies and (2) higher vmHRV in a sample of adults with recurrent MDD.
METHODS
We included a sample of 63 patients (46 females) between 20 and 71 years old ( = 40.24, = 12.8) with a history of three or more depressive episodes. They filled out the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Rumination Rating Scale (RRS). ECG (used to derive vmHRV) was acquired while resting and the square root of the mean squared differences of successive RR interval values (RMSSD) was calculated as measure of vmHRV.
RESULTS
As hypothesized, self-compassion was associated with lower ruminative tendencies. However, self-compassion was not associated with level of vmHRV. Several confounding variables were controlled for in the statistical analyses, and higher age predicted lower vmHRV across all statistical analyses.
CONCLUSION
The results confirmed our hypothesis that higher self-compassion would be associated with lower ruminative tendencies in recurrent MDD. Contrary to our expectation, we did not find that the tendency to be more self-compassionate was associated with higher vmHRV. As such, higher self-compassion seems to relate with a lower tendency to ruminate about past mistakes and events but does not seem to relate to a flexible autonomic stress response (as indexed by higher vmHRV). Other potential explanatory factors for lower vmHRV in recurrent MDD is suggested as focus for exploration in future studies.
背景
复发性重度抑郁症（MDD）是现代社会中最具致残性的精神障碍之一。先前的研究表明，自我同情可防止反复思考的倾向，这是复发性MDD的一个关键特征。此外，在年轻健康的成年人中，自我同情被发现与更高的心理生理灵活性（以更高的迷走神经介导的心率变异性为指标；vmHRV）呈正相关。据我们所知，目前缺乏关于自我同情与复发性MDD患者的vmHRV之间关系的研究。本研究的目的是调查在复发性MDD成年样本中，更高的自我同情是否会与（1）更低的反复思考倾向和（2）更高的vmHRV相关。
方法
我们纳入了63名年龄在20至71岁之间（平均年龄 = 40.24岁，标准差 = 12.8）、有三次或更多次抑郁发作史的患者样本（46名女性）。他们填写了自我同情量表（SCS）、贝克抑郁量表（BDI）和反复思考评定量表（RRS）。在静息状态下采集心电图（用于得出vmHRV），并计算连续RR间期值的均方差的平方根（RMSSD）作为vmHRV的指标。
结果
正如假设的那样，自我同情与更低的反复思考倾向相关。然而，自我同情与vmHRV水平无关。在统计分析中控制了几个混杂变量，在所有统计分析中，年龄越大预测vmHRV越低。
结论
结果证实了我们的假设，即在复发性MDD中，更高的自我同情与更低的反复思考倾向相关。与我们的预期相反，我们没有发现更具自我同情倾向与更高的vmHRV相关。因此，更高的自我同情似乎与更少地反复思考过去的错误和事件的倾向相关，但似乎与灵活的自主应激反应（以更高的vmHRV为指标）无关。复发性MDD中vmHRV较低的其他潜在解释因素被建议作为未来研究的探索重点。
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