Wu Hao, Becraft Philip W, Dannenhoffer Joanne M
Genetics, Development, and Cell Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States.
Department of Biology, Central Michigan University, Mount Pleasant, MI, United States.
Front Plant Sci. 2022 Mar 7;13:852082. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2022.852082. eCollection 2022.
Maize endosperm plays important roles in human diet, animal feed and industrial applications. Knowing the mechanisms that regulate maize endosperm development could facilitate the improvement of grain quality. This review provides a detailed account of maize endosperm development at the cellular and histological levels. It features the stages of early development as well as developmental patterns of the various individual tissues and cell types. It then covers molecular genetics, gene expression networks, and current understanding of key regulators as they affect the development of each tissue. The article then briefly considers key changes that have occurred in endosperm development during maize domestication. Finally, it considers prospects for how knowledge of the regulation of endosperm development could be utilized to enhance maize grain quality to improve agronomic performance, nutrition and economic value.
玉米胚乳在人类饮食、动物饲料和工业应用中发挥着重要作用。了解调控玉米胚乳发育的机制有助于改善谷物品质。本综述详细阐述了玉米胚乳在细胞和组织学水平上的发育过程。它介绍了早期发育阶段以及各个组织和细胞类型的发育模式。接着探讨了分子遗传学、基因表达网络，以及目前对影响各组织发育的关键调控因子的认识。文章随后简要考虑了玉米驯化过程中胚乳发育所发生的关键变化。最后，探讨了如何利用胚乳发育调控知识来提高玉米谷物品质，从而改善农艺性状、营养和经济价值的前景。
