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结合元素分析和免疫化学分析来描述古代骨骼遗骸的成岩变化模式。

Combining elemental and immunochemical analyses to characterize diagenetic alteration patterns in ancient skeletal remains.

机构信息

Department of Chemistry, University of Bologna-Ravenna Campus, Via Guaccimanni, 42, 48121, Ravenna, Italy.

Department of Cultural Heritage, University of Bologna-Ravenna Campus, Via degli Ariani 1, 48121, Ravenna, Italy.

出版信息

Sci Rep. 2022 Mar 24;12(1):5112. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-08979-3.

DOI:10.1038/s41598-022-08979-3
PMID:35332214
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8948219/
Abstract

Bones and teeth are biological archives, but their structure and composition are subjected to alteration overtime due to biological and chemical degradation postmortem, influenced by burial environment and conditions. Nevertheless, organic fraction preservation is mandatory for several archeometric analyses and applications. The mutual protection between biomineral and organic fractions in bones and teeth may lead to a limited diagenetic alteration, promoting a better conservation of the organic fraction. However, the correlation between elemental variations and the presence of organic materials (e.g., collagen) in the same specimen is still unclear. To fill this gap, chemiluminescent (CL) immunochemical imaging analysis has been applied for the first time for collagen localization. Then, Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) and CL imaging were combined to investigate the correlation between elemental (i.e., REE, U, Sr, Ba) and collagen distribution. Teeth and bones from various archeological contexts, chronological periods, and characterized by different collagen content were analyzed. Immunochemical analysis revealed a heterogeneous distribution of collagen, especially in highly degraded samples. Subsequently, LA-ICP-MS showed a correlation between the presence of uranium and rare earth elements and areas with low amount of collagen. The innovative integration between the two methods permitted to clarify the mutual relation between elemental variation and collagen preservation overtime, thus contributing to unravel the effects of diagenetic alteration in bones and teeth.

摘要

骨骼和牙齿是生物档案，但由于死后的生物和化学降解，以及埋藏环境和条件的影响，它们的结构和组成会随着时间的推移而发生变化。然而，有机部分的保存对于几种考古分析和应用是强制性的。骨骼和牙齿中生物矿物和有机部分的相互保护可能导致有限的成岩变化，从而更好地保存有机部分。然而，同一标本中元素变化与有机物质（如胶原蛋白）存在之间的相关性仍不清楚。为了填补这一空白，首次应用化学发光（CL）免疫化学成像分析来定位胶原蛋白。然后，将激光烧蚀 - 电感耦合等离子体质谱法（LA-ICP-MS）和 CL 成像相结合，研究元素（即 REE、U、Sr、Ba）和胶原蛋白分布之间的相关性。分析了来自不同考古背景、时间时期且具有不同胶原蛋白含量的牙齿和骨骼。免疫化学分析显示胶原蛋白分布不均匀，尤其是在高度降解的样本中。随后，LA-ICP-MS 显示铀和稀土元素的存在与胶原蛋白含量低的区域之间存在相关性。这两种方法的创新性结合澄清了元素变化与胶原蛋白保存之间的相互关系，从而有助于揭示骨骼和牙齿中成岩变化的影响。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8dbe/8948219/eaa99375906d/41598_2022_8979_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8dbe/8948219/49edbc477a03/41598_2022_8979_Fig1_HTML.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8dbe/8948219/eaa99375906d/41598_2022_8979_Fig7_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8dbe/8948219/49edbc477a03/41598_2022_8979_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8dbe/8948219/81a7bc18c261/41598_2022_8979_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8dbe/8948219/fe62fdbf523a/41598_2022_8979_Fig3_HTML.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8dbe/8948219/fa78211eeaea/41598_2022_8979_Fig5_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/8dbe/8948219/e3593df36e5c/41598_2022_8979_Fig6_HTML.jpg
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