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姜科药用植物对 2 型糖尿病心血管危险因素的影响:系统评价和随机对照试验的荟萃分析。

Effects of medical plants from Zingiberaceae family on cardiovascular risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

机构信息

Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.

出版信息

J Food Biochem. 2022 Jul;46(7):e14130. doi: 10.1111/jfbc.14130. Epub 2022 Mar 25.


DOI:10.1111/jfbc.14130
PMID:35332564
Abstract

We performed a meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the efficacy of Zingiberaceae on cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and Scopus were searched systematically until October 18, 2021. Thirty-four RCTs with 2154 patients met our inclusion. Pooled analysis indicated that Zingiberaceae can significantly improve body weight (BW) (WMD = -1.012, 95% CI: -1.673, -0.351, p = .003), fasting blood glucose (FBG) (WMD = -14.292, 95% CI: -18.588, -9.995, p < .001), glycosylated hemoglobin 1c (HbA1c) (WMD = -0.432, 95% CI: -0.607, -0.257, p < .001), serum insulin (WMD = -2.036, 95% CI: -2.857, -1.216, p < .001), homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (WMD = -0.886, 95% CI: -1.375, -0.398, p < .001), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) (WMD = 0.850, 95% CI: 0.018, 1.682, p = .045), triglyceride (TG) (WMD = -17.636, 95% CI: -27.121, -8.151, p < .001), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (WMD = -0.642, 95% CI: -1.148, -0.137, p = .013), C-reactive protein (CRP) (WMD = -0.623, 95% CI: -1.061, -0.186, p = .005), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (WMD = -3.020, 95% CI: -4.327, -1.712, p < .001), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) (WMD = -1.147, 95% CI: -1.887, -0.406, p = .002). The supplementation of Zingiberaceae may be an effective adjunctive therapy in management of T2DM and prevention cardiovascular complications by decreasing BW, improving blood glucose control, insulin resistance, lipid profiles (HDL-C and TG), blood pressure (DBP), and reducing inflammation (CRP, TNF-α, and IL-6). PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Approximately half of the deaths of individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) are attributable to cardiovascular disease (CVD), and individuals with T2DM have a two-fold increased risk of cardiovascular mortality than healthy individuals. Currently, T2DM is mainly treated with hypoglycemic medication such as sulfonylureas, thiazolidinediones, meglitinides, and biguanides. Nevertheless, most of them with long-term usage could cause side effects, including hypoglycemia and gastrointestinal troubles. Several species of the Zingiberaceae family are used in traditional herbal medicines, which have been widely used in traditional and complementary medicine. Proving the potential benefits of Zingiberaceae on T2DM and its cardiovascular complications has positive clinical implications for the use of this practical herb.

摘要

我们对随机对照试验(RCTs)进行了荟萃分析,以评估姜科植物在 2 型糖尿病(T2DM)心血管风险因素中的疗效。系统检索了 PubMed、Web of Science、Embase、The Cochrane Library 和 Scopus,截至 2021 年 10 月 18 日。34 项包含 2154 名患者的 RCT 符合我们的纳入标准。汇总分析表明,姜科植物可显著改善体重(BW)(WMD=-1.012,95%CI:-1.673,-0.351,p=0.003)、空腹血糖(FBG)(WMD=-14.292,95%CI:-18.588,-9.995,p<0.001)、糖化血红蛋白 1c(HbA1c)(WMD=-0.432,95%CI:-0.607,-0.257,p<0.001)、血清胰岛素(WMD=-2.036,95%CI:-2.857,-1.216,p<0.001)、稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗(HOMA-IR)(WMD=-0.886,95%CI:-1.375,-0.398,p<0.001)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)(WMD=0.850,95%CI:0.018,1.682,p=0.045)、三酰甘油(TG)(WMD=-17.636,95%CI:-27.121,-8.151,p<0.001)、舒张压(DBP)(WMD=-0.642,95%CI:-1.148,-0.137,p=0.013)、C 反应蛋白(CRP)(WMD=-0.623,95%CI:-1.061,-0.186,p=0.005)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)(WMD=-3.020,95%CI:-4.327,-1.712,p<0.001)和白细胞介素 6(IL-6)(WMD=-1.147,95%CI:-1.887,-0.406,p=0.002)。姜科植物的补充可能是 2 型糖尿病管理和预防心血管并发症的有效辅助治疗方法,通过降低体重、改善血糖控制、胰岛素抵抗、血脂谱(HDL-C 和 TG)、血压(DBP)和降低炎症(CRP、TNF-α和 IL-6)来实现。

实际应用:大约一半的糖尿病(DM)患者的死亡归因于心血管疾病(CVD),而 2 型糖尿病患者的心血管死亡率比健康个体高两倍。目前,2 型糖尿病主要通过磺酰脲类、噻唑烷二酮类、格列奈类和二甲双胍类等降糖药物进行治疗。然而,它们中的大多数长期使用会导致副作用,包括低血糖和胃肠道问题。姜科植物的几个物种被用于传统草药,广泛应用于传统和补充医学。证明姜科植物对 2 型糖尿病及其心血管并发症的潜在益处,对这种实用草药的使用具有积极的临床意义。

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引用本文的文献

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Int J Mol Sci. 2025-6-10

[2]
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