Wang Yuxuan, Lv Yaowen, Xu Xiping, Gong Xuanrui, Yu Ziwen, Geng Jiaxing
Appl Opt. 2022 Mar 20;61(9):2256-2266. doi: 10.1364/AO.447883.
The catadioptric panoramic imaging system may provide 360° panoramic imaging by employing the convex surface of a quadric surface with rotational symmetry as the reflector, which effectively compensates for the disadvantages of the narrow field of view in typical camera systems. First, this paper proposes a theodolite-based catadioptric camera image model based on the rotational symmetry of a catadioptric camera mirror, which simplifies the 2D modeling problem to a 1D problem. Simultaneously, the equivalence of the theodolite imaging model and the standard spherical imaging model also is demonstrated in this work. Second, this paper presents a method to calibrate the theodolite model parameters using only a single view and explains the calculation of model parameter initialization and iterative optimization steps in detail. Then, this paper demonstrates how to calibrate the theodolite model parameters using only a single view, as well as how to calculate the model parameter initialization and iterative optimization steps. Finally, simulation experiments and actual experiments have confirmed the correctness and stability of the method. The experimental results show that the average and standard deviation of the back-projection error are, respectively, 0.1983125 pixels and 0.0006153 pixels, in this model. We believe the theodolite model suggested in this paper offers a viable approach to catadioptric camera image modeling.
折反射全景成像系统可以通过采用具有旋转对称性的二次曲面的凸面作为反射镜来提供360°全景成像，这有效地弥补了典型相机系统中视场狭窄的缺点。首先，本文基于折反射相机反射镜的旋转对称性提出了一种基于经纬仪的折反射相机图像模型，将二维建模问题简化为一维问题。同时，本文还论证了经纬仪成像模型与标准球面成像模型的等效性。其次，本文提出了一种仅使用单视图校准经纬仪模型参数的方法，并详细解释了模型参数初始化和迭代优化步骤的计算。然后，本文演示了如何仅使用单视图校准经纬仪模型参数，以及如何计算模型参数初始化和迭代优化步骤。最后，仿真实验和实际实验证实了该方法的正确性和稳定性。实验结果表明，在该模型中，反投影误差的平均值和标准差分别为0.1983125像素和0.0006153像素。我们认为本文提出的经纬仪模型为折反射相机图像建模提供了一种可行的方法。
