Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University (OsloMet), 0130 Oslo, Norway.
Nutrients. 2022 Mar 18;14(6):1282. doi: 10.3390/nu14061282.
School meals can have a key function in promoting children's health. However, simply providing a free school meal is not a guarantee that pupils will eat the food. The purpose of this study was to explore factors influencing pupils' participation in free school meal schemes in Oslo. The study has a qualitative research design, inspired by grounded theory. Data were collected through interviews with pupils, teachers, and parents, and participant observations in two schools participating in a pilot project funded by Oslo Municipality. Line-by-line coding, memo writing, and a constant comparative technique were used to analyze the data. One primary school and one lower-secondary school in different districts in Oslo that were implementing two different free school meal models took part in the study. In total, 39 pupils (5th-10th grade), 15 parents, and 12 school employees were included. Four main factors related to pupils' participation in free school meals emerged from the analysis: the popularity of the food served, the attraction to the nearby shopping center, social aspects, and predictability. To promote pupils' participation in free school meal schemes, schools need to solve the challenges of balancing between healthy food and popular but often unhealthy food. To implement school meals further, children and parents' involvement, regularity of the meals provision, a good flow of information, and the creation of a friendly eating environment are recommended.
学校餐食在促进儿童健康方面可以发挥关键作用。然而，仅仅提供免费的学校餐食并不能保证学生食用这些食物。本研究旨在探讨影响奥斯陆学生参与免费学校餐计划的因素。本研究采用扎根理论启发的定性研究设计。通过对参与奥斯陆市资助试点项目的两所学校的学生、教师和家长进行访谈，并进行参与式观察，收集了数据。采用逐行编码、备忘录写作和不断比较技术对数据进行分析。本研究在奥斯陆不同地区的一所小学和一所初中开展，两所学校实施了两种不同的免费学校餐模式。共有 39 名（5 至 10 年级）学生、15 名家长和 12 名学校员工参与了研究。从分析中得出了影响学生参与免费学校餐的四个主要因素：所提供食物的受欢迎程度、对附近购物中心的吸引力、社会方面和可预测性。为了促进学生参与免费学校餐计划，学校需要解决在健康食品和受欢迎但往往不健康的食品之间取得平衡的挑战。为了进一步实施学校餐食，建议让儿童和家长参与、提供餐食的规律性、良好的信息流通以及营造友好的就餐环境。
