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填充纳米黏土的中密度硬质聚氨酯泡沫的光学显微镜观察

Light Microscopy of Medium-Density Rigid Polyurethane Foams Filled with Nanoclay.

作者信息

Beverte Ilze, Cabulis Ugis, Andersons Janis, Kirpluks Mikelis, Skruls Vilis, Cabulis Peteris

机构信息

Institute for Mechanics of Materials, University of Latvia, 3 Jelgavas St., LV-1004 Riga, Latvia.

Latvian State Institute of Wood Chemistry, 27 Dzerbenes St., LV-1006 Riga, Latvia.

出版信息

Polymers (Basel). 2022 Mar 14;14(6):1154. doi: 10.3390/polym14061154.

DOI:10.3390/polym14061154
PMID:35335486
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8955111/
Abstract

Practical applications and mathematical modelling of the physical and mechanical properties of medium-density rigid polyurethane foams require knowledge of their structure. It is necessary to determine structural characteristics without destroying the foams and measuring each element. A methodology is described for the use of light microscopy on environmentally sustainable, medium-density rigid polyurethane foams (in the density region of ≈210-230 kg/m), by the analysis of two types of light microscopy images: (1) Cutting surface images; and (2) Through-cutting surface images. The dimensions of structural elements of polyurethane foams, filled with the nanoclay Cloisite-30B at concentrations of 0.0%, 0.25%, 0.50%, 1.0%, 2.0%, 3.0%, and 5.0% from the mass of the filled reacting mixture, are estimated. Probability density functions of projections of bubbles' diameters and struts' length are determined using images in three mutually perpendicular planes. A mathematical model is developed for the restoration of the actual dimensions of bubbles' diameters using data of cutting circles' diameters. Intercalation and exfoliation of the filler's Cloisite-30B mono-layers is evaluated via the basal spacing by X-ray diffraction at a 5 wt.% concentration of nanoclay.

摘要

中密度硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料物理和机械性能的实际应用及数学建模需要了解其结构。有必要在不破坏泡沫且不测量每个元素的情况下确定结构特征。本文描述了一种通过分析两种光学显微镜图像，对环境可持续的中密度硬质聚氨酯泡沫塑料（密度范围约为210 - 230 kg/m³）使用光学显微镜的方法：（1）切割表面图像；（2）贯穿切割表面图像。估算了填充有浓度为0.0%、0.25%、0.50%、1.0%、2.0%、3.0%和5.0%（基于填充反应混合物质量）的纳米粘土Cloisite - 30B的聚氨酯泡沫塑料结构元素的尺寸。利用三个相互垂直平面中的图像确定气泡直径和支柱长度投影的概率密度函数。利用切割圆直径数据建立了一个用于恢复气泡实际直径尺寸的数学模型。通过在纳米粘土浓度为5 wt.%时的X射线衍射，根据基面间距评估填料Cloisite - 30B单层的插层和剥离情况。

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Is Fracture Toughness of PUR Foams a Material Property? A Statistical Approach.聚氨酯泡沫的断裂韧性是一种材料特性吗？一种统计方法。
Materials (Basel). 2020 Oct 30;13(21):4868. doi: 10.3390/ma13214868.