Humphrey D R
Fed Proc. 1986 Nov;45(12):2687-99.
A major problem with the study of the control of movement and posture is to determine how specific brain areas contribute to the selection of those particular muscle patterns that underlie a coordinated movement. With this problem in mind, a selective review is presented of mapping studies of the primate motor cortex, whose results bear on the question of how the spatial organization of cortical efferent cells might contribute to the production of organized muscle synergies. More recent findings are also summarized, which appear to resolve previous controversies on the question of whether movements or muscles are the primary units of motor cortex organization. These same findings suggest also a form of spatial organization within the primate precentral gyrus that would allow spatially simple afferent inputs to evoke the muscle synergies that are necessary for a variety of simple movements of the arm and hand.
研究运动和姿势控制的一个主要问题是确定特定脑区如何促成对构成协调运动基础的那些特定肌肉模式的选择。考虑到这个问题，本文对灵长类运动皮层的图谱研究进行了选择性综述，其结果与皮层传出细胞的空间组织如何促成有组织的肌肉协同作用这一问题相关。还总结了一些最新发现，这些发现似乎解决了之前关于运动或肌肉是否是运动皮层组织的主要单位这一问题的争议。这些相同的发现还表明，灵长类中央前回内存在一种空间组织形式，这种形式能让空间上简单的传入输入引发手臂和手部各种简单运动所需的肌肉协同作用。
