Abdalmalak Kerlos Atia, Botello Gabriel Santamaria, Suresh Mallika Irene, Falcón-Gómez Enderson, Lavado Alejandro Rivera, García-Muñoz Luis Enrique
Signal Theory and Communications Department, Carlos III University of Madrid, 28903 Madrid, Spain.
Electrical Engineering Department, Aswan University, Aswan 81542, Egypt.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Mar 21;22(6):2400. doi: 10.3390/s22062400.
In this work, the design of an integrated 183GHz radiometer frontend for earth observation applications on satellites is presented. By means of the efficient electro-optic modulation of a laser pump with the observed millimeter-wave signal followed by the detection of the generated optical sideband, a room-temperature low-noise receiver frontend alternative to conventional Low Noise Amplifiers (LNAs) or Schottky mixers is proposed. Efficient millimeter-wave to 1550 nm upconversion is realized via a nonlinear optical process in a triply resonant high-Q Lithium Niobate (LN) Whispering Gallery Mode (WGM) resonator. By engineering a micromachined millimeter-wave cavity that maximizes the overlap with the optical modes while guaranteeing phase matching, the system has a predicted normalized photon-conversion efficiency ≈10-1 per mW pump power, surpassing the state-of-the-art by around three orders of magnitude at millimeter-wave frequencies. A piezo-driven millimeter-wave tuning mechanism is designed to compensate for the fabrication and assembly tolerances and reduces the complexity of the manufacturing process.
本文介绍了一种用于卫星地球观测应用的集成183GHz辐射计前端的设计。通过用观测到的毫米波信号对激光泵浦进行高效电光调制，然后检测产生的光边带，提出了一种可替代传统低噪声放大器（LNA）或肖特基混频器的室温低噪声接收前端。通过在三共振高Q铌酸锂（LN）回音壁模式（WGM）谐振器中进行非线性光学过程，实现了从毫米波到1550nm的高效上转换。通过设计一个微机械毫米波腔，在保证相位匹配的同时使与光学模式的重叠最大化，该系统预测的归一化光子转换效率约为每毫瓦泵浦功率10-1，在毫米波频率下比现有技术高出约三个数量级。设计了一种压电驱动的毫米波调谐机制，以补偿制造和装配公差，并降低制造过程的复杂性。
