Public Health Department, College of Medicine and Health Science, Jigjiga University, P.O. Box 1020, Jijiga, Ethiopia.
Sci Rep. 2022 Mar 25;12(1):5198. doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-09184-y.
Malnutrition remains prevalent and existing health problem globally. Particularly Undernutrition is a major public health issue in developing countries. Globally the causes of severe acute undernutrition varies across context. The aim of this study was to identify the determinants of severe acute malnutrition to uncover contextual factors based on UNICEF conceptual framework, as there was no study done in a similar context in Ethiopia. Health facility based (health post) un-matched case control study with Key informant interview was conducted to identify determinant factors of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) among children between 6 and 36 months. 246 children (82 cases and 164) with their mothers or care takers participated the study which was conducted between December 20, 2019 to January 20, 2020 in Kalafo district in Shebele River. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was calculated to identify the determinants of SAM among children aged 6-36 months using multivariate logistic regression. The odds of severe acute malnutrition was 2.28 (1.22, 4.26); 4.68 (2.29, 9.58); 2.85 (1.26, 6.45); 2.39 (1.16, 4.96) and 3.262 (1.46, 7.31) and 3.237 (1.45, 7.23); respectively for mothers with three or more under five children, Children with inadequate dietary diversity, experienced diarrhea in past 2 weeks, their mothers had not nutrition counselling during pregnancy and younger (6-11 and 12-17 months) children as compared to controls. The finding of this study reveals the main determinants of severe acute malnutrition in riverine context are multi-level. In addition to this, poor childcare and polygamy identified in qualitative finding. Decisive and multi-sectoral approach is required to addressing SAM in the riverine area.
营养不良仍然是全球性的普遍存在的健康问题。特别是在发展中国家，营养不足是一个主要的公共卫生问题。在全球范围内，严重急性营养不良的原因因背景而异。本研究旨在确定严重急性营养不良的决定因素，根据儿基会的概念框架揭示背景因素，因为在埃塞俄比亚没有类似背景下进行过研究。在河流水域地区，我们进行了一项基于卫生机构（卫生所）的未匹配病例对照研究，并结合关键知情人访谈，以确定 6-36 个月儿童严重急性营养不良（SAM）的决定因素。共有 246 名儿童（82 例病例和 164 名对照）及其母亲或照顾者参加了这项研究，研究于 2019 年 12 月 20 日至 2020 年 1 月 20 日在谢贝利河的卡拉福区进行。使用多变量逻辑回归计算比值比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI），以确定 6-36 个月儿童 SAM 的决定因素。患有严重急性营养不良的儿童的 OR 分别为 2.28（1.22，4.26）、4.68（2.29，9.58）、2.85（1.26，6.45）、2.39（1.16，4.96）和 3.262（1.46，7.31）以及 3.237（1.45，7.23），这分别与母亲有三个或更多五岁以下儿童、儿童饮食多样性不足、过去两周内经历过腹泻、母亲在怀孕期间未接受营养咨询以及年龄较小（6-11 个月和 12-17 个月）的儿童相比。这项研究的结果表明，河流水域地区严重急性营养不良的主要决定因素是多层面的。除此之外，定性研究还发现了育儿不佳和一夫多妻制的问题。需要采取果断和多部门的方法来解决河流水域地区的严重急性营养不良问题。
