Miao Zhengpei, Li Shenzhou, Priest Cameron, Wang Tanyuan, Wu Gang, Li Qing
State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China.
State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China.
Adv Mater. 2022 Dec;34(52):e2200595. doi: 10.1002/adma.202200595. Epub 2022 Jun 25.
The large-scale commercialization of proton-exchange-membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) is extremely limited by their costly platinum-group metals (PGMs) catalysts, which are used for catalyzing the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics at the cathode. Among the reported PGM-free catalysts so far, metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N /C) catalysts hold a great potential to replace PGMs catalysts for the ORR due to their excellent initial activity and low cost. However, despite tremendous progress in this field in the past decade, their further applications are restricted by fast degradation under practical conditions. Herein, the theoretical fundamentals of the stability of the M-N /C catalysts are first introduced in terms of thermodynamics and kinetics. The primary degradation mechanisms of M-N /C catalysts and the corresponding mitigating strategies are discussed in detail. Finally, the current challenges and the prospects for designing highly stable M-N /C catalysts are outlined.
质子交换膜燃料电池（PEMFC）的大规模商业化受到其昂贵的铂族金属（PGM）催化剂的极大限制，这些催化剂用于催化阴极缓慢的氧还原反应（ORR）动力学。在目前报道的无PGM催化剂中，金属-氮-碳（M-N/C）催化剂因其优异的初始活性和低成本，在替代PGM催化剂用于ORR方面具有巨大潜力。然而，尽管在过去十年中该领域取得了巨大进展，但它们在实际条件下的快速降解限制了其进一步应用。在此，首先从热力学和动力学角度介绍了M-N/C催化剂稳定性的理论基础。详细讨论了M-N/C催化剂的主要降解机制及相应的缓解策略。最后，概述了设计高稳定性M-N/C催化剂目前面临的挑战和前景。
