Allergy and Lung Health Unit, Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2022 Mar;33(3):e13765. doi: 10.1111/pai.13765.
Early life body mass index (BMI) trajectories influence the risk of asthma at 18 years of age. However, it is unclear if these are also associated with other allergic diseases.
We investigated the associations between BMI trajectories and subsequent allergic rhinitis, eczema and food sensitisation/allergies.
Parent-reported anthropometric data were collected 18 times in the first two years of life from a cohort of 620 participants in a high-risk cohort. Group-based trajectory modelling was applied to develop BMI trajectories. Associations between trajectories and allergic rhinitis, eczema and food sensitisation at 6, 12 and 18 years of age were assessed using logistic regression models. Potential effect modifications by parental allergic disease, sex and allocated infant formula were assessed.
We identified five BMI trajectories: average, below average, persistently low, early low and catch up, and persistently high. None showed an association with allergic rhinitis. In participants with maternal allergic rhinitis, 'early-low and catch-up' (OR = 2.83;95%CI 1.34-5.96, P = 0.05) and 'below average' trajectories (OR = 2.39; 1.18-7.23, P = 0.02) were associated with allergic rhinitis at 18 years of age compared with the average trajectory. No associations were observed with eczema or food sensitisation.
Infants with early-low and catch-up, or below average BMI growth, were at increased risk of allergic rhinitis at 18 years if they had a mother with allergic rhinitis. These results require replication, but suggest that interactions between poor intrauterine growth, failure to thrive and maternal allergies may influence the risk of allergic rhinitis.
生命早期的体重指数（BMI）轨迹会影响 18 岁时哮喘的发病风险。然而，目前尚不清楚这些轨迹是否与其他过敏性疾病有关。
我们调查了 BMI 轨迹与随后发生的过敏性鼻炎、特应性皮炎和食物过敏/过敏之间的关系。
从高危队列中的 620 名参与者中，在生命的头两年内，父母每 18 次报告一次人体测量数据。采用基于群组的轨迹建模方法来制定 BMI 轨迹。使用逻辑回归模型评估轨迹与 6、12 和 18 岁时过敏性鼻炎、特应性皮炎和食物过敏的相关性。评估了父母的过敏性疾病、性别和分配的婴儿配方奶粉对潜在的效应修饰作用。
我们确定了五种 BMI 轨迹：平均、低于平均、持续低、早期低和追赶、持续高。没有一种与过敏性鼻炎有关。在有母亲过敏性鼻炎的参与者中，“早期低和追赶”（OR=2.83；95%CI 1.34-5.96，P=0.05）和“低于平均”轨迹（OR=2.39；1.18-7.23，P=0.02）与 18 岁时的过敏性鼻炎相关，而与平均轨迹相比。未观察到与特应性皮炎或食物过敏有关。
如果母亲患有过敏性鼻炎，早期低和追赶、或 BMI 增长低于平均水平的婴儿，18 岁时患过敏性鼻炎的风险增加。这些结果需要复制，但表明宫内生长不良、生长不良和母亲过敏之间的相互作用可能会影响过敏性鼻炎的风险。
