Lauderdale J W
J Anim Sci. 1986;62 Suppl 2:79-91. doi: 10.1093/ansci/62.2.79.
Puberty: For the gilt and filly, the first corpus luteum (CL) appears to have a normal lifespan. For both species, first CL usually is associated with estrus but can form in the absence of estrus. For the ewe and cow, a transient (1 to 4 d, ewe; 3 to 10 d, cow) rise and fall of ovarian derived progesterone (P4) is detected in peripheral blood (80% of ewes; 50% of heifers) prior to first "normal" CL. The first CL of apparent normal lifespan is not accompanied by estrus in the ewe. The first CL in the cow may or may not be accompanied by estrus; first estrus in the cow can be anovulatory. Data are required to describe definitively variation in lifespan of first CL in these species. Persistent CL: Data that the CL can be prolonged in the absence of uterine abnormality are strongest in the mare, suggestive for the ewe under conditions of "more constant light," equivocal in the cow, and not reported in the pig. First CL after the anovulatory season: As reported for the pubertal ewe, the anestrous ewe can have a progesterone rise over a 2- to 4-d interval at about 25 d before estrus. The ewe has a P4 pattern similar to that of a normal estrous cycle in the absence of estrus immediately prior to the first estrus and CL. CL lifespan was reported for the first estrous cycle to be both normal and on the order of 4 to 10 d in up to 50% of the ewes, following introduction of rams. For the mare, first CL usually is associated with estrus and has a normal lifespan. Data suggest no P4 rise prior to first CL. The occurrence of estrus without formation of a CL is usual during the anovulatory season and during the transition from anovulatory to ovulatory seasons. Postpartum: The CL of pregnancy regressed at parturition and was not functional postpartum in the sow and cow, regressed at about d 180 of gestation in the mare (both primary CL and secondary CL), and regressed after d 140 of gestation and before d 2 postpartum in the ewe. Postpartum estrus occurring within d 1 to 3 postpartum was anovulatory for both the sow and ewe; postpartum estrus within d 5 to 12 was ovulatory for the mare.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
对于小母猪和小母马而言，首个黄体（CL）的寿命似乎正常。对这两个物种来说，首个黄体通常与发情有关，但也可能在无发情的情况下形成。对于母羊和母牛，在首个“正常”黄体出现之前，外周血中可检测到卵巢源性孕酮（P4）出现短暂升高和下降（母羊为1至4天；母牛为3至10天）（80%的母羊；50%的小母牛）。母羊首个寿命看似正常的黄体出现时并不伴随发情。母牛的首个黄体可能伴随发情，也可能不伴随发情；母牛的首次发情可能不排卵。需要数据来明确描述这些物种首个黄体寿命的变化情况。持续黄体：黄体在无子宫异常情况下可延长的数据，在母马中最为确凿，在“光照更恒定”的条件下对母羊有提示作用，在母牛中不明确，在猪中未报告。无排卵季节后的首个黄体：如对青春期母羊的报道，处于乏情期的母羊在发情前约25天，孕酮可在2至4天的时间段内升高。母羊在首次发情和黄体出现前无发情的情况下，其P4模式与正常发情周期相似。据报道，引入公羊后，多达50%的母羊首个发情周期的黄体寿命正常且约为4至10天。对于母马，首个黄体通常与发情有关且寿命正常。数据表明在首个黄体出现之前无P4升高。在无排卵季节以及从无排卵季节向排卵季节过渡期间，不形成黄体而出现发情的情况很常见。产后：母猪和母牛妊娠期间的黄体在分娩时退化，产后无功能；母马妊娠约180天时黄体退化（包括主黄体和副黄体）；母羊妊娠140天后且产后2天前黄体退化。母猪和母羊产后1至3天内出现的产后发情不排卵；母马产后5至12天内出现的产后发情排卵。（摘要截选至400字）
