U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, National Black-Footed Ferret Conservation Center, Wellington, CO 80549, USA,
Prairie Wildlife Research, Wellington, CO 80549, USA.
J Zoo Wildl Med. 2022 Mar;53(1):194-199. doi: 10.1638/2020-0228.
Black-footed ferrets () are an endangered species in North America that are highly sensitive to canine distemper virus (CDV) infections and any exposure could be devastating to species recovery. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service recovery program has safely used a recombinant DNA (rDNA) canarypox-vectored CDV vaccine, Purevax Ferret Distemper (PFD), to vaccinate black-footed ferrets. Because of a PFD shortage in 2015, an rDNA vaccine labeled for use in dogs, Recombitek CDV (rCDV), was chosen to vaccinate black-footed ferrets. Our goal was to compare the serum neutralizing (SN) titers after vaccination of 17 captive and 18 wild black-footed ferrets with rCDV or PFD, respectively, considering ≥1:128 as a protective titer. Both vaccines produced comparable 1 yr postvaccination protective titers in captive and wild black-footed ferrets. In wild black-footed ferrets, one PFD vaccination produced SN titers similar to two PFD vaccinations at 1 yr postvaccination. One year after vaccination with rCDV, SN titers in captive black-footed ferrets were higher than in wild ferrets. These results indicate rCDV may be an effective alternative CDV vaccine in captive black-footed ferrets and PFD should be prioritized for wild ferrets because one dose was effective for animals that can be difficult to recapture.
黑脚雪貂（）是北美的濒危物种，对犬瘟热病毒（CDV）感染高度敏感，任何接触都可能对物种恢复造成毁灭性影响。美国鱼类和野生动物管理局的恢复计划已安全地使用重组 DNA（rDNA）金丝雀痘载体 CDV 疫苗 Purevax Ferret Distemper（PFD）对黑脚雪貂进行疫苗接种。由于 2015 年 PFD 短缺，选择了一种标记用于犬类的 rDNA 疫苗 Recombitek CDV（rCDV）来对黑脚雪貂进行疫苗接种。我们的目标是比较分别用 rCDV 或 PFD 对 17 只圈养和 18 只野生黑脚雪貂进行疫苗接种后的血清中和（SN）滴度，将≥1:128 作为保护性滴度。两种疫苗均在圈养和野生黑脚雪貂中产生了可比的 1 年疫苗接种后保护性滴度。在野生黑脚雪貂中，一次 PFD 接种可产生与 1 年疫苗接种后两次 PFD 接种相似的 SN 滴度。用 rCDV 接种一年后，圈养黑脚雪貂的 SN 滴度高于野生雪貂。这些结果表明 rCDV 可能是圈养黑脚雪貂中有效的替代 CDV 疫苗，而 PFD 应优先用于野生雪貂，因为一剂对难以重新捕获的动物有效。
