Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, MN, United States; Departments of Medicine, Pharmacology, and Psychology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
Adv Pharmacol. 2022;93:133-170. doi: 10.1016/bs.apha.2021.11.001. Epub 2022 Jan 12.
Behavioral pharmacology has made vital contributions to the concepts and methods used in tobacco and other drug use research, and is largely responsible for the now generally accepted notion that nicotine is the primary component in tobacco that engenders and maintains tobacco use. One of the most important contributions of behavioral pharmacology to the science of drug use is the notion that drugs can act as environmental stimuli that control behavior in many of the same ways as other stimuli (e.g., visual, gustatory, olfactory). The purpose of this chapter is to provide an overview of research that illustrates the respondent and operant stimulus functions of nicotine, using a contemporary taxonomy of stimulus functions as a general framework. Each function is formally defined and examples from research on the behavioral pharmacology of nicotine are presented. Some of the factors that modulate each function are also discussed. The role of nicotine's stimulus functions in operant and respondent theories of tobacco use is examined and some suggestions for future research are presented. The chapter illustrates how a taxonomy of stimulus functions can guide conceptions of tobacco use and direct research and theory accordingly.
行为药理学在烟草和其他药物使用研究中所使用的概念和方法方面做出了重要贡献，并且在很大程度上促成了现在被广泛接受的观点，即尼古丁是产生和维持烟草使用的烟草中主要成分。行为药理学对药物使用科学最重要的贡献之一是，药物可以作为环境刺激物，以与其他刺激物（例如视觉、味觉、嗅觉）相同的方式控制行为。本章的目的是提供一个概述，说明使用当代刺激功能分类法作为一般框架，尼古丁的反应性和操作性刺激功能。每个功能都有明确定义，并展示了尼古丁行为药理学研究中的例子。还讨论了调节每种功能的一些因素。检验了尼古丁刺激功能在吸烟的操作性和反应性理论中的作用，并提出了一些未来研究的建议。本章说明了刺激功能分类法如何指导对烟草使用的概念，并相应地指导研究和理论。
