1ª Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias (IBCN, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Eur J Neurosci. 2022 Apr;55(7):1756-1773. doi: 10.1111/ejn.15657. Epub 2022 Apr 4.
Alcohol intake and exposure to noise are common activities of human adolescents performed in entertainment contexts worldwide that can induce behavioural disturbances. Therefore, the aim of the present work was to investigate in an experimental model of adolescent animals whether noise exposure and intermittent ethanol intake, when present individually or sequentially, might be able to modify different behaviours. Adolescent Wistar rats of both sexes were subjected to voluntary intermittent ethanol intake for 1 week followed by exposure to noise for 2 h and tested in a battery of behavioural tasks. Data show that males exposed to noise experienced a deficit in associative memory (AM), increase in anxiety-like behaviours (ALB) and altered reaction to novelty (RN) when compared with sham animals, whereas females also showed an increase in risk assessment behaviours (RABs) and a decrease in exploratory activity (EA). In contrast, ethanol intake induced an increase in RAB and RN in males and females, whereas females also showed a deficit in AM and EA as well as an increase in ALB. When ethanol was ingested before noise exposure, most parameters were counteracted both in male and females, but differed among sexes. In consequence, it could be hypothesized that an environmental acute stressor like noise might trigger a behavioural counteracting induced by a previous repeated exposure to a chemical agent such as ethanol, leading to a compensation of a non-adaptive behaviour and reaching a better adjustment to the environment.
饮酒和暴露于噪声是全球范围内人类青少年在娱乐环境中常见的活动，这些活动可能会引起行为紊乱。因此，本研究的目的是在青少年动物的实验模型中，研究噪声暴露和间歇性乙醇摄入，当单独或连续存在时，是否能够改变不同的行为。雄性和雌性 Wistar 青春期大鼠接受了为期 1 周的自愿间歇性乙醇摄入，然后暴露于噪声 2 小时，并在一系列行为任务中进行了测试。数据显示，与假处理动物相比，暴露于噪声的雄性大鼠的联想记忆（AM）受损，焦虑样行为（ALB）增加，对新奇事物的反应改变（RN），而雌性大鼠也表现出风险评估行为（RAB）增加和探索活动（EA）减少。相反，乙醇摄入导致雄性和雌性大鼠的 RAB 和 RN 增加，而雌性大鼠还表现出 AM 和 EA 减少以及 ALB 增加。当乙醇在噪声暴露之前摄入时，大多数参数在雄性和雌性大鼠中均得到了逆转，但在性别之间存在差异。因此，可以假设像噪声这样的环境急性应激源可能会引发先前反复接触化学物质（如乙醇）引起的行为逆转，从而补偿非适应性行为，并更好地适应环境。
