Animal Sciences Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College (NIAB-C), Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
Animal Sciences Division, Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology College (NIAB-C), Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences (PIEAS), Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
Res Vet Sci. 2022 Sep;146:70-79. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.03.005. Epub 2022 Mar 8.
The subtropical climatic conditions in the winter season characterized by low temperature may enable to induce cold stress in pregnancy and transition periods which results in the production of reactive oxygen species. However, flavonoid enriched impact on pregnancy and lactation of Beetal goats remains unclear in a subtropical cold environment. Forty-eight multiparous pregnant Beetal goats were randomly assigned into two groups, mid-pregnancy (n = 24), late pregnancy to early lactation (n = 24). Mid-pregnancy and late pregnancy were further sub-grouped into control and supplemented with an equal number of animals. Both groups of animals were offered concentrates while the supplemented group was provided additional flavonoid-rich supplementation (Loxidan) at 120 mg/kg/head during the experimental period of 45 days in each phase of pregnancy plus 33 days of kids suckling period only in late pregnancy to early lactation group. Fractional biochemical analysis of Loxidan feed revealed it contained a rich source of total flavonoids (8268 ± 92.1 μg/g) with total antioxidant capacity (14.6 ± 1.7 μM/g DW). Blood was collected fifteen days apart during mid-pregnancy (60 to 105 days) and late pregnancy plus early lactation (120 to 165 days) for the assessment of serum biochemical parameters. Results revealed that serum profile of total flavonoids, total antioxidant activity, total oxidant status, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbic acid, carotenoids, total phenolic, total proteins, and progesterone level showed significant values as compared to the control group in both phases of pregnancy (P < 0.05). Moreover, flavonoid enriched supplementation increased the initial kid's weight and total average weight gain as compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Overall, results illustrate that supplementation increased kid's birth weight, average daily weight gain, and fetal survival. Therefore, flavonoids could be used as an antioxidant regimen to mitigate cold stress of subtropical environment on pregnancy and lactation to improve reproductive traits.
冬季的亚热带气候条件，低温可能导致妊娠和过渡期的冷应激，导致活性氧的产生。然而，在亚热带寒冷环境下，富含类黄酮对贝塔尔山羊妊娠和泌乳的影响尚不清楚。48 头经产怀孕的贝塔尔山羊被随机分为两组，妊娠中期（n=24），妊娠晚期至泌乳早期（n=24）。妊娠中期和妊娠晚期进一步分为对照组和补充组，每组补充数量相同的动物。两组动物均提供浓缩饲料，而补充组在妊娠中期和泌乳早期仅在妊娠晚期至泌乳早期组提供额外的富含类黄酮的补充剂（Loxidan），剂量为 120mg/kg/头，实验期为 45 天。在妊娠中期（60-105 天）和妊娠晚期加泌乳早期（120-165 天）期间，每隔 15 天采集一次血液，用于评估血清生化参数。结果表明，与对照组相比，妊娠中期和晚期及泌乳早期血清总黄酮、总抗氧化活性、总氧化态、丙二醛、超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、抗坏血酸、类胡萝卜素、总酚、总蛋白和孕酮水平均有显著差异（P<0.05）。此外，富含类黄酮的补充剂增加了初生羔羊的体重和总平均增重，与对照组相比（P<0.05）。总的来说，结果表明，补充剂增加了羔羊的初生重、平均日增重和胎儿存活率。因此，类黄酮可用作抗氧化方案，减轻亚热带环境对妊娠和泌乳的冷应激，改善繁殖性能。
