Gayral J P, Albertini M T, Gallice E, Olléon M
Pathol Biol (Paris). 1986 May;34(5):368-71.
Susceptibility to 27 antimicrobial agents of 858 strains of staphylococci was determined. Tested strains belonged to the following species: S. epidermidis, S. saprophyticus, S. haemolyticus, S. hominis, S. simulans, S. warneri, S. cohnii, S. xylosus and S. intermedius. The antibiotics were: penicillin G, amoxycillin, augmentin, oxacillin, streptomycin, kanamycin, tobramycin, dibekacin, amikacin, gentamicin, sisomycin, netilmicin, doxycycline, minocycline, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, josamycin, clindamycin, pristinamycin, rifampin, fusidic acid, fosfomycin, trimethoprim, sulfamethoxazole, cotrimoxazole, and vancomycin. The ATB system was used, with the criteria for categorization recommended by the Antibiotic Sensitivity Testing Committee. Penicillin-resistance, that was found in all species, was high for hospital-acquired strains (67 to 75%) but also for some other strains (32% for S. simulans). Oxacillin-resistance varied across species (0% for the least prevalent hospital strains, 6% for S. epidermidis and 28% for S. haemolyticus). All strains were susceptible to vancomycin. For some drugs, resistance was a characteristic of the species: resistance to fosfomycin was often found for S. saprophyticus, S. haemolyticus, S. warneri, S. cohnii, and S. capitis; resistance to trimethoprim was common for S. simulans, and S. haemolyticus. S. haemolyticus was the most resistant species, a fact that justifies routine identification of this pathogen in clinical specimens.
测定了858株葡萄球菌对27种抗菌药物的敏感性。受试菌株属于以下菌种：表皮葡萄球菌、腐生葡萄球菌、溶血葡萄球菌、人葡萄球菌、模仿葡萄球菌、沃氏葡萄球菌、科氏葡萄球菌、木糖葡萄球菌和中间葡萄球菌。抗菌药物包括：青霉素G、阿莫西林、奥格门汀、苯唑西林、链霉素、卡那霉素、妥布霉素、地贝卡星、阿米卡星、庆大霉素、西索米星、奈替米星、多西环素、米诺环素、氯霉素、红霉素、交沙霉素、克林霉素、利奈唑胺、利福平、夫西地酸、磷霉素、甲氧苄啶、磺胺甲恶唑、复方新诺明和万古霉素。采用ATB系统，并按照抗生素敏感性试验委员会推荐的分类标准进行。在所有菌种中均发现有青霉素耐药情况，医院获得性菌株的耐药率较高（67%至75%），其他一些菌株也存在耐药情况（模仿葡萄球菌为32%）。苯唑西林耐药率因菌种而异（最不常见的医院菌株为0%，表皮葡萄球菌为6%，溶血葡萄球菌为28%）。所有菌株对万古霉素均敏感。对于某些药物，耐药是菌种的特征：腐生葡萄球菌、溶血葡萄球菌、沃氏葡萄球菌、科氏葡萄球菌和头葡萄球菌常对磷霉素耐药；模仿葡萄球菌和溶血葡萄球菌对甲氧苄啶耐药较为常见。溶血葡萄球菌是耐药性最强的菌种，这一事实证明在临床标本中对该病原体进行常规鉴定是合理的。
