Animal Science Department, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, 52171900, Brazil.
NJV, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 901 83, Umea, SE, Sweden.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2022 Mar 27;54(2):145. doi: 10.1007/s11250-022-03145-3.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the nycterohemeral patterns of ingestive behavior at 24, 48, and 72 h (Trial I) of sheep fed different roughages and the palatability index (Trial II) for sheep and goats fed different roughages used in a semiarid region. In the study, five sources of roughage were evaluated, namely: (1) Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm-Dyck cladodes + urea + sugarcane bagasse (NUB); (2) Opuntia stricta (Haw.) Haw cladodes + urea + sugarcane bagasse (OUB); (3) Tifton hay; (4) corn silage; and (5) sorghum silage. Five Soinga sheep were used and arranged in a 5 × 5 Latin square design in Trial I. Six female Santa Ines sheep and six female Saanen goats were used to study the preferences for different roughages in Trial II, and three tests were carried out to determine the palatability index, comparing two roughage types at a time: test 1 - corn silage versus Nopalea cladodes + urea + sugarcane bagasse (NUB); test 2 - corn silage versus Opuntia cladodes + urea + sugarcane bagasse (OUB); and test 3 - NUB versus OUB. The highest dry matter (DM) intake was for diets composed by NUB. Feeding time (min/d) was higher for sorghum silage (291 min d), while rumination time was higher (P < 0.05) for corn silage (604.0 min d), sorghum silage (561.7 min d), and Tifton hay (529.7 min d). No difference (P > 0.05) was observed for feeding, rumination, and idleness time between species (sheep and goats), and there was no roughage × species interaction (P > 0.05). The palatability indexes were 76 and 77% (tests 1 and 2) for NUB and OUB, respectively. Sheep fed with roughage containing cactus cladodes associated with urea and sugarcane bagasse spent less time on ingestion and rumination activities. The ingestive behavior can be evaluated in a period of 48 h, using instantaneous scanning.
本研究旨在评估绵羊在不同粗饲料条件下 24、48 和 72 小时的昼夜摄食模式（试验 I）和在半干旱地区使用不同粗饲料时绵羊和山羊的适口性指数（试验 II）。研究中评估了五种粗饲料来源，分别是：（1）刺梨（Nopalea cochenillifera（L.）Salv-Dyck）带刺茎+尿素+甘蔗渣（NUB）；（2）仙人球带刺茎+尿素+甘蔗渣（OUB）；（3）提普顿干草；（4）玉米青贮；（5）高粱青贮。在试验 I 中，使用了 5 只 Soinga 绵羊，并采用 5×5 拉丁方设计。在试验 II 中，使用了 6 只母绵羊和 6 只母山羊来研究对不同粗饲料的偏好，进行了三次测试来确定适口性指数，每次比较两种粗饲料类型：测试 1-玉米青贮与 Nopalea 带刺茎+尿素+甘蔗渣（NUB）；测试 2-玉米青贮与仙人球带刺茎+尿素+甘蔗渣（OUB）；测试 3-NUB 与 OUB。NUB 组成的日粮干物质（DM）采食量最高。高粱青贮的采食时间（min/d）最高（291min/d），而玉米青贮（604.0min/d）、高粱青贮（561.7min/d）和提普顿干草（529.7min/d）的反刍时间更高（P<0.05）。绵羊和山羊之间的采食、反刍和空闲时间没有差异（P>0.05），粗饲料与物种之间也没有互作（P>0.05）。NUB 和 OUB 的适口性指数分别为 76%和 77%（测试 1 和 2）。绵羊采食含有仙人掌带刺茎、尿素和甘蔗渣的粗饲料时，采食和反刍活动的时间更少。可以通过瞬时扫描在 48 小时内评估采食行为。
