Key Laboratory of the Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China; Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Center for Water and Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China.
Wolfson College, Oxford University, Oxford OX2 6UD, United Kingdom; Institute of Biomedical and Environmental Science & Technology, University of Bedfordshire, Luton LU1 3JU, United Kingdom.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Aug 1;832:154851. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154851. Epub 2022 Mar 26.
This study analyzed the characteristics of dioxins represented by polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) as well as dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) in food from China. The spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of dioxins dietary intake, cancer risk, and disease burden were evaluated among the Chinese population. In the temporal dimension, descending trends in animal-origin-food were found both in dietary intake PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs, with the reverse for plant-origin-food. The probability assessments of dietary intakes showed that after 2007, the exposure level of PCDD/Fs through diets of urban and rural residents in China was significantly lower than that before 2007 (p < 0.05). The spatial distribution results showed that the southern coastal regions were high exposure regions of dietary intakes of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs. Cancer risk and disease burden of dietary dioxins showed downward trends after 2007 both under an average exposure scenario and an extreme exposure scenario. After 2007, the disease burden resulting from exposure to dl-PCBs became higher and approached the median of values reported by the WHO, while the disease burden resulting from exposure to PCDD/Fs approached the lower level of 95% CI reported by the WHO. The results indicate that accompanying the National Implementation Plan and a series of subsequent scientific guidance documents launched for reducing dioxins pollution in 2007, the health benefits and the health risks caused by dl-PCBs should be given further attention and evaluation in future studies.
本研究分析了中国食品中二恶英（以多氯二苯并对二恶英和二苯并呋喃（PCDD/Fs）为代表）和类似二恶英多氯联苯（dl-PCBs）的特征。评估了中国人群中二恶英膳食摄入量、癌症风险和疾病负担的时空分布特征。在时间维度上，动物源性食品中的膳食 PCDD/Fs 和 dl-PCBs 摄入量呈下降趋势，而植物源性食品则呈上升趋势。膳食摄入量的概率评估显示，2007 年后，中国城乡居民通过饮食摄入 PCDD/Fs 的暴露水平明显低于 2007 年前（p < 0.05）。空间分布结果表明，中国南部沿海地区是 PCDD/Fs 和 dl-PCBs 膳食摄入量的高暴露地区。在平均暴露情景和极端暴露情景下，2007 年后，膳食中二恶英的癌症风险和疾病负担均呈下降趋势。2007 年后，暴露于 dl-PCBs 导致的疾病负担变得更高，并接近世界卫生组织报告的中位数，而暴露于 PCDD/Fs 导致的疾病负担接近世界卫生组织报告的 95%置信区间的较低水平。结果表明，伴随 2007 年国家实施计划和一系列后续减少二恶英污染的科学指导文件的发布，未来研究中应进一步关注和评估 dl-PCBs 带来的健康效益和健康风险。
