Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile; Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile.
Biomedical Engineering School, Engineering Faculty, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso 2362905, Chile; Millennium Institute for Intelligent Healthcare Engineering (iHEALTH), Chile.
Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj. 2022 Jul;1866(7):130134. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2022.130134. Epub 2022 Mar 27.
Pregnant women may develop gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a disease of pregnancy characterised by maternal and fetal hyperglycaemia with hazardous consequences to the mother, the fetus, and the newborn. Maternal hyperglycaemia in GDM results in fetoplacental endothelial dysfunction. GDM-harmful effects result from chronic and short periods of hyperglycaemia. Thus, it is determinant to keep glycaemia within physiological ranges avoiding short but repetitive periods of hyper or hypoglycaemia. The variation of glycaemia over time is defined as 'glycaemia dynamics'. The latter concept regards with a variety of mechanisms and environmental conditions leading to blood glucose handling. In this review we summarized the different metrics for glycaemia dynamics derived from quantitative, plane distribution, amplitude, score values, variability estimation, and time series analysis. The potential application of the derived metrics from self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in the potential alterations of pregnancy outcome in GDM are discussed.
孕妇可能会患上妊娠糖尿病（GDM），这是一种妊娠疾病，其特征是母体和胎儿的高血糖，对母亲、胎儿和新生儿都有危险的后果。GDM 中的母体高血糖导致胎盘中的内皮功能障碍。GDM 的有害影响是由长期和短期的高血糖引起的。因此，将血糖保持在生理范围内，避免短时间但反复的高血糖或低血糖是很重要的。血糖随时间的变化被定义为“血糖动态”。后者的概念涉及到多种机制和环境条件，这些机制和环境条件会影响血糖的处理。在这篇综述中，我们总结了从定量、平面分布、振幅、评分值、变异性估计和时间序列分析中得出的不同血糖动态度量标准。讨论了源自自我血糖监测（SMBG）和连续血糖监测（CGM）的衍生指标在 GDM 中妊娠结局潜在改变中的潜在应用。
