Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Proteins. 2022 Aug;90(8):1538-1546. doi: 10.1002/prot.26340. Epub 2022 Apr 13.
Antibody-based therapeutics for treatment of various tumors have grown rapidly in recent years. Unfortunately, safety issues, attributed to off-tumor effects and cytotoxicity, are still a significant concern with the standard of care. Improvements to ensure targeted delivery of antitumor pharmaceuticals are desperately needed. We previously demonstrated that incorporating histidyl pH-switches in an anti-HER2 antibody induced selective antigen binding under acidic pH conditions (MAbs 2020;12:1682866). This led to an improved safety profile due to preferential targeting of the oncoprotein in the acidic solid tumor microenvironment. Following this success, we expanded this approach to a set of over 400 antibody structures complexed with over 100 different human oncoproteins, associated with solid tumors. Calculations suggested that mutations to His of certain residue types, namely Trp, Arg, and Tyr, could be significantly more successful for inducing pH-dependent binding under acidic conditions. Furthermore, 10 positions within the complementarity-determining region were also predicted to exhibit greater successes. Combined, these two accessible metrics could serve as the basis for a sequence-based engineering of pH-selective binding. This approach could be applied to most anticancer antibodies, which lack detailed structural characterization.
近年来,基于抗体的治疗药物在治疗各种肿瘤方面发展迅速。不幸的是,由于脱靶效应和细胞毒性,安全性问题仍然是一个重大关注点,这也是目前的治疗标准。为了确保抗肿瘤药物的靶向递送,迫切需要进行改进。我们之前的研究表明,在抗 HER2 抗体中引入组氨酸 pH 开关可在酸性 pH 条件下诱导选择性抗原结合(MAbs 2020;12:1682866)。这导致了安全性的改善,因为它优先靶向酸性实体瘤微环境中的癌蛋白。在此成功的基础上,我们将这种方法扩展到了一组超过 400 种与实体瘤相关的抗体结构,这些抗体与超过 100 种不同的人类癌蛋白结合。计算表明,某些残基类型(色氨酸、精氨酸和酪氨酸)的组氨酸突变在酸性条件下诱导 pH 依赖性结合可能会更成功。此外,在互补决定区的 10 个位置也被预测具有更高的成功率。这两个可及的指标结合起来,可以作为基于序列的 pH 选择性结合的工程基础。这种方法可以应用于大多数缺乏详细结构特征的抗癌抗体。
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