Hudak Katelin M, Friedman Emily, Johnson Joelle, Benjamin-Neelon Sara E
Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Center for Science in the Public Interest, Washington, DC 20005, USA.
Prev Med Rep. 2022 Mar 15;27:101737. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101737. eCollection 2022 Jun.
Food insecurity has increased dramatically in 2020 as a result of the COVID-19 public health and economic crisis. Many more families in the United States are turning to the charitable food system to help meet their needs. However, little is known about the policies that influence food bank donations and whether they promote healthy food donations. The purpose of this study was to explore state variation in food donation policies and secondarily to assess whether policies promoted the donation of healthy foods and beverages. We reviewed donation policies for all states in the United States and Washington, DC (hereafter "states") in fall 2020. Two reviewers independently assessed donation policies using two legal databases; we reconciled discrepancies via team discussion. We then grouped them into 10 distinct categories based on common purpose and theme. We identified 252 state policies from 51 states. Policies fell into all 10 categories. The largest category was "liability protection," with all states having a policy in this category. The second largest category was date labeling; 32 states had requirements or policies restricting the donation of past-dated foods. However, across all categories, we found that only two policies explicitly promoted the donation of healthy foods and beverages. Although all states had some policies governing food donations, few promoted healthier foods and beverages. States could encourage healthy donations through policy to help ensure that all families have access to nutritious foods and beverages.
由于2019冠状病毒病公共卫生和经济危机，2020年粮食不安全状况急剧增加。美国有更多家庭转向慈善食品系统以满足其需求。然而，对于影响食品银行捐赠的政策以及这些政策是否促进健康食品捐赠，人们知之甚少。本研究的目的是探讨各州食品捐赠政策的差异，其次评估这些政策是否促进了健康食品和饮料的捐赠。我们在2020年秋季审查了美国所有州以及华盛顿特区（以下简称“各州”）的捐赠政策。两名审查员使用两个法律数据库独立评估捐赠政策；我们通过团队讨论解决了差异。然后，我们根据共同目的和主题将它们分为10个不同的类别。我们从51个州中识别出252项州政策。政策涵盖了所有10个类别。最大的类别是“责任保护”，所有州都有这方面的政策。第二大类别是日期标注；32个州有要求或政策限制过期食品的捐赠。然而，在所有类别中，我们发现只有两项政策明确促进了健康食品和饮料的捐赠。尽管所有州都有一些管理食品捐赠的政策，但很少有政策促进更健康的食品和饮料。各州可以通过政策鼓励健康捐赠，以帮助确保所有家庭都能获得营养食品和饮料。
