East Mediterranean Transitional Zone Agricultural Research of Institute, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey.
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Çukurova University, Balcali-Adana, Turkey.
Environ Monit Assess. 2022 Mar 31;194(4):321. doi: 10.1007/s10661-022-09937-2.
Erosion is seen as a major productivity problem in the world. Unplanned agricultural practices caused by human activities initiate the soil erosion process. Especially in sloping areas, agricultural activities without soil conservation measures accelerate this process. This study prepared land use planning (LUP) scenarios to reduce soil losses in the Mikail Stream Micro-Basin, which has an erosion problem and a rough topography. ILSEN land evaluation method, which is formed by interpreting FAO land evaluation principles according to Turkish conditions, was used in the creation of the scenarios. Soil conservation (terracing and contour agriculture) land-use types (LUT) that can help in erosion reduction were included in the ILSEN method and 8 different LUP scenarios were created. Soil protected (terracing and contour farming) LUTs that can help reduce erosion were included in the ILSEN method and 8 different LAP scenarios were created. The RUSLE Method integrated with the Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to calculate the estimated amount of soil loss caused by the scenarios created. For land evaluation and erosion studies, serial-based soil map of the area and Google Earth images were used. Scenario 7 created has reduced soil loss by 79% compared to the present land use (Scenario 8) of the basin. While the soil loss caused by the present land-use of the basin was 335.95 tons ha year on average, the amount of soil loss caused by the 7th scenario was calculated as 69.05 tons ha year on average. The results showed that the ILSEN land evaluation method can be a model to be used in the creation of erosion-reducing LUP scenarios in areas with erosion problems.
侵蚀被视为世界上的一个主要生产力问题。人类活动引起的无计划农业活动引发了土壤侵蚀过程。特别是在陡坡地区，没有土壤保持措施的农业活动会加速这一过程。本研究旨在为米凯尔溪流小流域制定土地利用规划 (LUP) 方案，以减少该流域的土壤流失问题，该流域地形崎岖，存在侵蚀问题。本研究采用了 ILSEN 土地评价方法，该方法根据土耳其的情况对粮农组织土地评价原则进行了解释。在创建方案的过程中，纳入了有助于减少侵蚀的土壤保持（梯田和等高农业）土地利用类型 (LUT)。纳入了 ILSEN 方法的土壤保护（梯田和等高农业）LUT，以帮助减少侵蚀，创建了 8 个不同的 LAP 方案。采用 GIS 集成的 RUSLE 方法计算创建方案所引起的土壤流失估计量。为了进行土地评价和侵蚀研究，使用了该地区的基于序列的土壤图和谷歌地球图像。与流域当前土地利用（方案 8）相比，方案 7 减少了 79%的土壤流失。而流域当前土地利用造成的土壤流失平均为 335.95 吨公顷年，第 7 方案造成的土壤流失量平均计算为 69.05 吨公顷年。结果表明，ILSEN 土地评价方法可以作为在存在侵蚀问题的地区创建减少侵蚀的 LUP 方案的模型。
