Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University.
Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong.
J Psychopathol Clin Sci. 2022 Apr;131(3):265-277. doi: 10.1037/abn0000729.
Anxiety is defined as an anticipatory response to uncertain, future threats. It is unknown how anticipatory information regarding uncertainty about upcoming threatening and neutral stimuli impacts attention and perception in anxiety. Individuals with and without anxiety disorders performed two perceptual decision-making tasks in which they used threat or neutral prestimulus cues to discriminate between subsequent threatening and neutral faces. In one task, cues provided no probability information (high uncertainty). In the other, cues indicated a high probability of encountering threatening or neutral faces (low uncertainty). Under high uncertainty only, anxious apprehension was associated with worse discrimination between threatening versus neutral faces after threat cues. Additionally, anxious arousal was associated with worse discrimination after neutral cues in individuals with anxiety disorders. These findings will advance the field by spurring the development of more comprehensive and ecologically valid models in which anticipatory top-down factors influence threat perception in anxiety. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
焦虑被定义为对未来不确定威胁的预期反应。目前尚不清楚，对即将到来的威胁性和中性刺激的不确定性的预期信息如何影响焦虑症患者的注意力和感知。有和没有焦虑障碍的个体在两个感知决策任务中表现出，他们使用威胁或中性的预刺激线索来区分随后的威胁和中性面孔。在一个任务中，线索没有提供概率信息（高度不确定）。在另一个任务中，线索表示遇到威胁或中性面孔的高概率（低不确定性）。仅在高度不确定的情况下，焦虑性担忧与威胁性线索后对威胁性与中性面孔的区分较差相关。此外，在焦虑障碍患者中，焦虑唤醒与中性线索后较差的辨别力相关。这些发现将通过激发更全面和更具生态有效性的模型的发展来推动该领域的发展，在这些模型中，预期的自上而下的因素会影响焦虑症中的威胁感知。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2022 APA，保留所有权利）。
