Susan Salmond, EdD, RN, ANEF, FAAN, School of Nursing, Rutgers University-The State University of New Jersey, Newark.
Caroline Dorsen, PhD, FNP-BC, FAAN, School of Nursing, Rutgers University-The State University of New Jersey, Newark.
Orthop Nurs. 2022;41(2):64-85. doi: 10.1097/NOR.0000000000000828.
The United States healthcare system underperforms in healthcare access, quality, and cost resulting in some of the poorest health outcomes among comparable countries, despite spending more of its gross national product on healthcare than any other country in the world. Within the United States, there are significant healthcare disparities based on race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, education level, sexual orientation, gender identity, and geographic location. COVID-19 has illuminated the racial disparities in health outcomes. This article provides an overview of some of the main concepts related to health disparities generally, and in orthopaedics specifically. It provides an introduction to health equity terminology, issues of bias and equity, and potential interventions to achieve equity and social justice by addressing commonly asked questions and then introduces the reader to persistent orthopaedic health disparities specific to total hip and total knee arthroplasty.
美国的医疗保健系统在医疗保健的可及性、质量和成本方面表现不佳，导致其在可比国家中拥有最差的健康结果，尽管其在医疗保健上的支出占国民生产总值的比例高于世界上任何其他国家。在美国，基于种族、民族、社会经济地位、教育水平、性取向、性别认同和地理位置，存在着显著的医疗保健差距。COVID-19 凸显了健康结果方面的种族差异。本文概述了一些与健康差异相关的主要概念，一般而言，特别是在矫形外科领域。本文介绍了卫生公平术语、偏见和公平问题以及通过回答常见问题来实现公平和社会正义的潜在干预措施，然后向读者介绍了与全髋关节和全膝关节置换术相关的持久的矫形健康差异。
