Wang Xinran, Luo Xiaozhou
CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China.
Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, China.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022 Mar 10;10:849177. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.849177. eCollection 2022.
Food is essential for human survival. Nowadays, traditional agriculture faces challenges in balancing the need of sustainable environmental development and the rising food demand caused by an increasing population. In addition, in the emerging of consumers' awareness of health related issues bring a growing trend towards novel nature-based food additives. Synthetic biology, using engineered microbial cell factories for production of various molecules, shows great advantages for generating food alternatives and additives, which not only relieve the pressure laid on tradition agriculture, but also create a new stage in healthy and sustainable food supplement. The biosynthesis of food components (protein, fats, carbohydrates or vitamins) in engineered microbial cells often involves cellular central metabolic pathways, where common precursors are processed into different proteins and products. Quantitation of the precursors provides information of the metabolic flux and intracellular metabolic state, giving guidance for precise pathway engineering. In this review, we summarized the quantitation methods for most cellular biosynthetic precursors, including energy molecules and co-factors involved in redox-reactions. It will also be useful for studies worked on pathway engineering of other microbial-derived metabolites. Finally, advantages and limitations of each method are discussed.
食物是人类生存所必需的。如今，传统农业在平衡可持续环境发展需求与人口增长导致的不断上升的食物需求方面面临挑战。此外，消费者对健康相关问题的意识觉醒带来了对新型天然食品添加剂的增长趋势。合成生物学利用工程化微生物细胞工厂生产各种分子，在生产食品替代品和添加剂方面显示出巨大优势，这不仅减轻了传统农业的压力，还开创了健康和可持续食品补充的新阶段。工程化微生物细胞中食物成分（蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物或维生素）的生物合成通常涉及细胞中心代谢途径，其中常见前体被加工成不同的蛋白质和产物。前体的定量提供了代谢通量和细胞内代谢状态的信息，为精确的途径工程提供指导。在本综述中，我们总结了大多数细胞生物合成前体的定量方法，包括参与氧化还原反应的能量分子和辅因子。这对于研究其他微生物衍生代谢物的途径工程也将是有用的。最后，讨论了每种方法的优点和局限性。
